{ "framework": "National Capability Framework", "name": "National Capability Framework", "version": "0.0", "supersedes": null, "version_date": "2026-08-16", "metadata": { "description": "Version 0.0 of the National Capability Framework in full: the taxonomy as published on www.nationalcapability.org before the Strategic Infrastructure v0.1 revision. It records 3 dimensions, 9 domains, 68 capability groups and 254 capabilities exactly as held in the site master node list (framework-data.js) — name, description, code and level for every node, together with the reference link carried per node. The boundary_conditions and order_logic fields introduced in v0.1 have no v0.0 counterpart and are absent rather than reconstructed.", "source": "framework-data.js (window.NCF), the complete node list", "dimensions": 3, "domains": 9, "capability_groups": 68, "capabilities": 254, "node_order": "As held in the master node list, which is alphabetical within each parent.", "superseded_in_part_by": "Strategic Infrastructure (factbase.org/dom/G0410PEZ08) is superseded by strategic-infrastructure-v0.1.json. Every other domain remains at this version." }, "level": "framework", "dimensions": [ { "name": "Hard Power", "description": "Hard Power encompasses critical technology, strategic infrastructure, and military capabilities—across land, maritime, air, space, intelligence, cyber, and nuclear domains—that enable a nation to deter adversaries, project force, and sustain operations.", "code": "factbase.org/dim/WA12K2Q926", "level": "dimension", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_power", "domains": [ { "name": "Critical Technology", "description": "Critical Technology encompasses advanced ICT, artificial intelligence, quantum computing, advanced materials, energy technologies, biotechnology, space and robotics, and position, navigation & timing systems that together drive innovation, underpin strategic industries, and shape national security and economic competitiveness.", "code": "factbase.org/dom/C1RYM55Q2M", "level": "domain", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emerging_technologies", "capabilityGroups": [ { "name": "Advanced ICT", "description": "Advanced ICT encompasses cutting-edge communication, computing, and security technologies—including optical, wireless, underwater, and mesh networks, distributed ledgers, high-performance computing, and cybersecurity—that enable secure, resilient, and high-speed information exchange and processing.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/PSFVFK6X07", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_and_communications_technology", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Advanced optical communication", "description": "Optical communication is the transmission of information at a distance using light as the medium.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/RS01993T07", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_communication" }, { "name": "Advanced radiofrequency communication", "description": "Wireless communication is the transfer of information between two or more points without the use of physical connectors, typically using radio waves.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/QRYJVA801Z", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wireless" }, { "name": "Advanced undersea wireless communication", "description": "Underwater acoustic communication involves transmitting information through water using sound waves, enabling wireless communication in undersea environments.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/RCXASJ9214", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Underwater_acoustic_communication" }, { "name": "Distributed ledgers", "description": "A distributed ledger is a decentralised, peer-to-peer data architecture that records, verifies, and synchronises immutable transaction records across multiple network nodes using consensus mechanisms and cryptographic validation, without reliance on a central authority.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/NQRD0HNM08", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_ledger" }, { "name": "High performance computing", "description": "High-performance computing (HPC) refers to the use of supercomputers and parallel processing techniques for solving complex computational problems at very high speeds.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/EEFHJ9SJ2Q", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-performance_computing" }, { "name": "Mesh and infrastructure independent networks", "description": "Mesh networking is a network topology where each node relays data for the network, allowing devices to communicate without relying on a centralized infrastructure.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/Q2BGP4XP0S", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesh_networking" }, { "name": "Protective cyber security technologies", "description": "Computer security (cybersecurity) involves technologies and practices designed to protect computers, networks, and data from theft, damage, or unauthorized access.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/4MZ9YZKS2J", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_security" } ] }, { "name": "Artificial Intelligence", "description": "Artificial Intelligence (AI) integrates advanced methods in data analytics, machine learning, natural language processing, adversarial robustness, specialized hardware, and integrated circuit design to enable machines to learn, reason, and perform tasks that traditionally require human intelligence.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/5086TTJV27", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Advanced data analytics", "description": "Data analytics involves examining large data sets to uncover hidden patterns, correlations, and insights, often using specialized systems and software.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/F4GA2HBF1E", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_analysis" }, { "name": "Advanced integrated circuit design and fabrication", "description": "Integrated circuit design and fabrication refers to the processes of designing microelectronic circuits and manufacturing them on semiconductor wafers.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/P0W3SXGK00", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiconductor_device_fabrication" }, { "name": "Adversarial AI", "description": "Adversarial machine learning studies how to make AI systems robust against malicious attacks that attempt to mislead or exploit their algorithms.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/T266WRYB20", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adversarial_machine_learning" }, { "name": "AI algorithms and hardware accelerators", "description": "AI accelerators are specialized hardware devices designed to perform artificial intelligence computations more efficiently than general-purpose processors.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/AGZBA6CG0Q", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AI_accelerator" }, { "name": "Machine learning (including neural networks and deep learning)", "description": "Machine learning is a branch of artificial intelligence in which computer algorithms improve automatically through experience and use of data.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/AH3D4HX51F", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_learning" }, { "name": "Natural language processing (including speech and text recognition and analysis)", "description": "Natural language processing (NLP) is a field of AI that gives computers the ability to understand, interpret, and generate human language.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/T1PYR8FN0Q", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_language_processing" } ] }, { "name": "Quantum Computing", "description": "Quantum Computing encompasses technologies such as quantum computation, communication, cryptography, and sensing that exploit quantum mechanical phenomena to deliver unprecedented capabilities in processing, security, and precision measurement.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/2AVA17HE0F", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_engineering", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Post-quantum cryptography", "description": "Post-quantum cryptography refers to cryptographic algorithms that are believed to be secure against an attack by quantum computers.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/NVJC13B329", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-quantum_cryptography" }, { "name": "Quantum communication (including quantum key distribution)", "description": "Quantum communication is the use of quantum states and phenomena (such as entanglement) to transmit information securely over distances.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/8M8XMR9X07", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_communication" }, { "name": "Quantum computing", "description": "Quantum computing uses principles of quantum mechanics to perform computations, potentially solving certain problems much faster than classical computers.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/TRDFGP7J2V", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_computing" }, { "name": "Quantum sensors", "description": "A quantum sensor uses quantum mechanical effects to achieve highly sensitive and precise measurements of physical quantities.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/VMXVW59Y0T", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_sensor" } ] }, { "name": "Advanced Materials", "description": "Advanced Materials comprise next-generation substances and processes—including composites, superconductors, energetic and protective materials, coatings, nanoscale and smart materials, metamaterials, additive and precision manufacturing, continuous flow synthesis, critical minerals, and wide bandgap semiconductors—that deliver novel properties and performance essential for strategic industries and national security.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/TNP52GEY0H", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materials_science", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Additive manufacturing (including 3D printing)", "description": "Additive manufacturing, commonly known as 3D printing, is the process of creating objects by depositing material layer by layer based on digital models.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/EMBM2M9E1B", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3D_printing" }, { "name": "Advanced composite materials", "description": "Composite materials are engineered materials made from two or more constituent materials with significantly different physical or chemical properties.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/3GKXK8FP0G", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composite_material" }, { "name": "Advanced explosives and energetic materials", "description": "Energetic materials, including advanced explosives, are substances that contain a large amount of stored energy and can release it rapidly, often producing an explosion.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/XG4SE74C1K", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energetic_material" }, { "name": "Advanced magnets and superconductors", "description": "Superconductors are materials that can conduct electricity without resistance when cooled below a certain critical temperature, often enabling advanced magnetic technologies.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/AHQ2Z8FP1N", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superconductivity" }, { "name": "Advanced protection", "description": "Advanced protection typically refers to modern body armor and protective materials designed to shield individuals or equipment from injury or damage.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/VDWGABY012", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Body_armor" }, { "name": "Coatings", "description": "A subclass of coatings characterised by engineered or multifunctional surface layers—often nano- or microstructured and integrated with active or adaptive materials—that go beyond passive protection to deliver enhanced performance such as self-healing, anti-ice, adaptive thermal control, electromagnetic stealth, sensing, or catalytic activity.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/B7F5G9TZ0B", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coating" }, { "name": "Continuous flow chemical synthesis", "description": "Continuous flow chemical synthesis is a process where chemical reactions are carried out in a continuously flowing stream, improving efficiency and scalability compared to batch processes.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/X1ETSGZE1C", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flow_chemistry" }, { "name": "Critical minerals extraction and processing", "description": "Critical minerals are raw materials essential for high-tech industries and national security; extraction and processing refer to mining these minerals and refining them for use.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/MWVGXV5101", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical_raw_materials" }, { "name": "High-specification machining processes", "description": "High-specification machining processes involve advanced manufacturing techniques to cut, shape, or finish materials to very precise tolerances and quality standards.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/P7JBMYVR1Y", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machining" }, { "name": "Nanoscale materials and manufacturing", "description": "Nanoscale materials are materials engineered at the scale of nanometers (billionths of a meter), and their manufacturing involves techniques to manipulate matter at the atomic or molecular scale.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/H6EDVXCQ0Q", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanomaterials" }, { "name": "Novel metamaterials", "description": "Metamaterials are engineered materials with structures designed to have properties not found in naturally occurring materials, often affecting how they interact with electromagnetic waves.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/JNVVCZPC05", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metamaterial" }, { "name": "Smart materials", "description": "Smart materials are materials that can respond dynamically to external stimuli (such as temperature, pressure, or electric fields) by changing their properties.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/EFGR7R6K02", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smart_material" }, { "name": "Wide and ultrawide bandgap semiconductors", "description": "Wide and ultrawide bandgap semiconductors are semiconductor materials that have a larger energy gap between valence and conduction bands, enabling devices that operate at high power, high temperature, or high frequency.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/H4YJ782F1R", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide-bandgap_semiconductor" } ] }, { "name": "Energy Technology", "description": "A domain of technologies encompassing systems, materials, processes, and devices designed to generate, convert, store, transmit, and manage energy across scales—from grid infrastructure and renewable generation to energy storage, smart networks, and energy-efficiency solutions.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/Q1GEY8591R", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_industry", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Biofuels", "description": "Biofuels are fuels produced through contemporary biological processes, such as plant cultivation, rather than by geological processes (as with fossil fuels).", "code": "factbase.org/cap/8SHHJ5B707", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biofuel" }, { "name": "Directed energy technologies", "description": "Directed energy technologies refer to systems that emit focused energy (like laser, microwave, or particle beams) to damage targets, often used in weapons and defense applications.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/6ETBWPAY0D", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directed-energy_weapon" }, { "name": "Electric batteries", "description": "An electric battery is a device consisting of one or more electrochemical cells that convert stored chemical energy into electrical energy to provide power.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/M079CQ720P", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_battery" }, { "name": "Electronic warfare", "description": "Electronic warfare involves the use of the electromagnetic spectrum to sense, protect, and communicate, as well as to disrupt, deceive, or deny adversary use of the spectrum.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/FAABWG7R07", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_warfare" }, { "name": "Hydrogen and ammonia for power", "description": "Using hydrogen and ammonia for power involves utilizing these chemicals as energy carriers or fuels, offering carbon-free or low-carbon alternatives for electricity generation and transportation.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/51GDXAG414", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen_economy" }, { "name": "Nuclear energy", "description": "Nuclear energy (nuclear power) is energy released from atomic nuclei through fission or fusion, used to generate electricity in nuclear power plants.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/00BV57J50X", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_power" }, { "name": "Nuclear waste management and recycling", "description": "Nuclear waste management and recycling involves safely handling, storing, and processing radioactive materials left over from nuclear reactors or weapons production, potentially recycling usable components.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/CPHX68BT1S", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radioactive_waste" }, { "name": "Photovoltaics", "description": "Photovoltaics is the technology of converting light (usually from the sun) directly into electricity using semiconductor materials, as in solar panels.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/DYT5KB3F1Z", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photovoltaics" }, { "name": "Supercapacitors", "description": "A supercapacitor is an energy storage device that has a very high capacitance, allowing it to store and release energy much faster than batteries, but typically at lower energy density.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/XM9CBEDY0J", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supercapacitor" } ] }, { "name": "Biotech & Genetics", "description": "Biotech & Genetics encompasses technologies such as genetic engineering, genomic sequencing, synthetic biology, biomanufacturing, novel therapeutics, nuclear medicine, and vaccines that harness biological systems to transform health, agriculture, and industry while addressing critical security and resilience challenges.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/C1R7JPV524", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biotechnology", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Biological manufacturing", "description": "Biological manufacturing (biomanufacturing) uses biological systems, such as microorganisms or cell cultures, to produce commercially important biomaterials and biomolecules for use in medicines, food, and industrial products.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/SXV2R9FW2K", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomanufacturing" }, { "name": "Genetic engineering", "description": "Genetic engineering is the direct manipulation of an organism’s DNA using biotechnology to change its traits or capabilities.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/Y579ZGMC0V", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_engineering" }, { "name": "Genomic sequencing and analysis", "description": "Genomic sequencing and analysis involves determining the order of DNA nucleotides in a genome and interpreting the sequence to understand genetic information.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/SR9QT9QP16", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_sequencing" }, { "name": "Novel antibiotics and antivirals", "description": "Novel antibiotics and antivirals are new drugs or therapies developed to treat infections, particularly important for overcoming challenges like antimicrobial resistance.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/3J6Q2ZGM1J", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimicrobial" }, { "name": "Nuclear medicine and radiation therapy", "description": "Nuclear medicine is a medical specialty involving the application of radioactive substances in diagnosis and treatment, and radiation therapy uses targeted ionizing radiation to treat diseases like cancer.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/JH8DZ65Q2E", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_medicine" }, { "name": "Synthetic biology", "description": "Synthetic biology is an interdisciplinary field that involves designing and constructing new biological parts, devices, and systems, or redesigning existing biological systems for useful purposes.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/GKT52EY61S", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synthetic_biology" }, { "name": "Vaccines and medical countermeasures", "description": "Vaccines and medical countermeasures are biomedical preparations and measures designed to stimulate immune protection and counteract the effects of harmful biological, chemical, or radiological agents.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/W75WG1C328", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccine" } ] }, { "name": "Space, Robotics & Mobility", "description": "Space, Robotics & Mobility covers advanced propulsion, autonomous and robotic systems, drone swarms, hypersonic tracking, small satellites, and space launch technologies that expand capabilities in aerospace, maritime, and terrestrial domains for strategic mobility, surveillance, and exploration.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/E9PD913Q12", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerospace", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Advanced aircraft engines (including hypersonics)", "description": "Advanced aircraft engines, including hypersonic propulsion, are high-performance engines designed to propel aircraft at very high speeds, such as ramjet or scramjet engines for flight at Mach 5 and above.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/BT6M3JP60W", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scramjet" }, { "name": "Advanced robotics", "description": "Advanced robotics involves robots with enhanced capabilities and autonomy, enabling them to perform complex tasks traditionally done by humans in various environments.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/505KDETD26", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robotics" }, { "name": "Air-independent propulsion", "description": "Air-independent propulsion (AIP) refers to naval submarine propulsion systems that allow a submarine to operate without access to atmospheric oxygen, increasing its underwater endurance.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/BWV9KNRP0V", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air-independent_propulsion" }, { "name": "Autonomous systems operation technologies", "description": "Autonomous systems operation technologies enable machines or systems to perform tasks with little to no human intervention, relying on advanced sensors, AI, and control systems.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/P7EQBHDX11", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonomous_robot" }, { "name": "Autonomous underwater vehicles", "description": "An autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) is a robot that travels underwater without requiring input from an operator, used for tasks like ocean exploration and data collection.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/XWF3HZBS1B", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonomous_underwater_vehicle" }, { "name": "Drones, swarming and collaborative robots", "description": "Drone swarms and collaborative robots refer to multiple unmanned systems or robots working together autonomously to accomplish tasks through coordination and collective behavior.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/VSYEC0N507", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swarm_robotics" }, { "name": "Hypersonic detection and tracking", "description": "Hypersonic detection and tracking technologies are systems designed to identify and follow objects traveling at hypersonic speeds (typically above Mach 5), which is challenging due to their extreme velocity and maneuverability.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/9YG7JCF02H", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Missile_defense" }, { "name": "Small satellites", "description": "Small satellites are satellites of low mass and size, often under 500 kg, which can be used for a variety of purposes including communications, Earth observation, and scientific research at lower cost.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/GJS581S62J", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_satellite" }, { "name": "Space launch systems (including launch vehicles and supporting infrastructure)", "description": "Space launch systems comprise rockets and associated infrastructure used to send payloads such as satellites or spacecraft from Earth into space.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/CHMWBWW32W", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Launch_vehicle" } ] }, { "name": "Position, Navigation & Timing", "description": "Position, Navigation & Timing (PNT) comprises advanced timing, sensing, and navigation technologies—including atomic clocks, inertial systems, gravitational and magnetic sensors, imaging, photonic sensors, radar, and sonar—that provide precise spatial awareness and temporal accuracy essential for defense, infrastructure, and critical services.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/1ATX5DT80H", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Navigation_Satellite_System", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Atomic clocks", "description": "An atomic clock is a highly precise timekeeping device that uses the frequency of electromagnetic radiation emitted by atoms (often cesium or rubidium) as a frequency standard.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/SB73WYFP05", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_clock" }, { "name": "Gravitational-force sensors", "description": "Gravitational-force sensors measure minute variations in Earth’s gravitational acceleration, useful for applications like detecting underground structures or aiding navigation.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/EYTP6DKY0N", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravimeter" }, { "name": "Inertial navigation systems", "description": "An inertial navigation system (INS) is a self-contained device that calculates position and velocity by measuring the motion of a vehicle (using accelerometers and gyroscopes), without needing external references like GPS.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/92JJJPB82Q", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inertial_navigation_system" }, { "name": "Magnetic field sensors", "description": "Magnetic field sensors, such as magnetometers, detect and measure magnetic fields, and are used in applications ranging from navigation and surveying to scientific research.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/R440ZCFQ2G", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetometer" }, { "name": "Multispectral and hyperspectral imaging sensors", "description": "Multispectral imaging sensors capture data across a few bands across the electromagnetic spectrum. Hyperspectral imaging sensors further this approach by capturing hundreds of bands continuously across the electromagnetic spectrum and map chemical content because of their specific spectral signatures. Applications for multispectral and hyperspectral imaging include various fields from healthcare to defense.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/VYG5EBQH28", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperspectral_imaging" }, { "name": "Photonic sensors", "description": "Photonic sensors detect changes in their environment by using light (photons), and are employed in diverse areas like telecommunications, medical diagnostics, and environmental monitoring.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/6APA6KE301", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiber-optic_sensor" }, { "name": "Radar", "description": "Radar is a detection system that uses radio waves to determine the range, angle, or velocity of objects by bouncing signals off them and analyzing the echoes.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/R5W4QQ0Y0W", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radar" }, { "name": "Sonar and acoustic sensors", "description": "Sonar (sound navigation and ranging) uses sound propagation (typically underwater) to detect, locate, and identify objects, while acoustic sensors broadly detect sound waves for various purposes.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/T1BEM91Z0C", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonar" } ] } ] }, { "name": "Strategic Infrastructure", "description": "Strategic Infrastructure encompasses the critical systems and facilities—including resource, energy, transport, communications, digital, social, manufacturing, and aerospace infrastructure—that underpin national resilience, economic productivity, and long-term security.", "code": "factbase.org/dom/G0410PEZ08", "level": "domain", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical_infrastructure", "capabilityGroups": [ { "name": "Resource Infrastructure", "description": "Resource Infrastructure encompasses the extraction, processing, refining, transport, and export systems that enable the conversion of raw materials into usable resources and their movement to domestic and global markets.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/KN1SB1XE2T", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extractive_industry", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Extraction", "description": "Extraction in a resource context refers to the process of mining or removing raw materials (such as minerals or fossil fuels) from the earth.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/T15VHZG60X", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mining" }, { "name": "Processing & Refining", "description": "Processing and refining involve the series of operations that transform raw extracted materials into finished or purified products, such as turning crude ore into metals or oil into fuels.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/DZ4GHM7M17", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refining" }, { "name": "Transport & Export", "description": "Transport & export refers to the systems and logistics for moving goods from production sites to international markets, including shipping, rail, or pipeline transport of bulk commodities.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/K5G4BQ9Q1X", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freight_transport" } ] }, { "name": "Energy Infrastructure", "description": "Energy Infrastructure comprises the generation, fuel and storage, and transmission and distribution systems that produce, store, and deliver energy reliably to power economies and societies.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/987GE5WB1P", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_grid", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Fuel and Storage", "description": "Fuel and storage in energy infrastructure refer to the systems for supplying energy sources (like gas, coal, or hydrogen) and storing energy (such as batteries or fuel reserves) for later use.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/8ZPSJXQP08", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_storage" }, { "name": "Generation", "description": "Generation, in energy infrastructure, refers to the production of electricity using various sources such as fossil fuels, nuclear power, or renewable resources.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/Z5QV7J2V2C", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity_generation" }, { "name": "Transiton and Distribtuon", "description": "Electric power transmission and distribution are the processes of carrying high-voltage electricity from generation plants over long distances (transmission) and delivering it at usable voltages to consumers (distribution).", "code": "factbase.org/cap/G2SY9RBZ13", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_power_transmission" } ] }, { "name": "Transport Infrastructure", "description": "Transport Infrastructure includes air, land, multimodal, and maritime systems that provide the physical and logistical foundations for the movement of people and goods across regions and global markets.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/D6JTQ6KC1M", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Air Infrastructure", "description": "Air infrastructure encompasses airports, airfields, and related facilities that enable air transportation, including runways, terminals, and air traffic control systems.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/J0ETT3C91N", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airport" }, { "name": "Land/Multimodal Connectivity", "description": "Land and multimodal connectivity refers to transportation networks (roads, railways) and integrated systems that connect different modes of transport (road, rail, sea, air) to facilitate efficient movement of people and goods.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/0SCVCXFM01", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimodal_transportation" }, { "name": "Maritime Infrastructure", "description": "Maritime infrastructure includes facilities and structures such as ports, harbors, and shipyards that support shipping, naval operations, and other activities at sea.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/CFTZYJQQ0X", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port" } ] }, { "name": "Comms Infrastructure", "description": "Communications Infrastructure comprises core networks, data centers, digital platforms, spectrum, and satellites that enable global connectivity, data processing, and secure digital communication.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/M28F098G1Q", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telecommunications_network", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Core Networks & Connectivity", "description": "Core networks & connectivity denote the essential telecommunications infrastructure (like fiber-optic backbone networks and internet exchange points) that enables digital communication and connectivity.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/JF1VKWY10T", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backbone_network" }, { "name": "Data Centers & Digital Platforms", "description": "Data centers and digital platforms comprise the IT infrastructure (physical facilities and virtual systems) used to store, process, and distribute large amounts of data, supporting internet services and cloud computing.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/V39NEZ4121", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_center" }, { "name": "Spectrum & Satellites", "description": "Spectrum & satellites refers to the use of the radio frequency spectrum and satellite systems for communication, broadcasting, and data transmission on a global scale.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/ZX2K1R5K27", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_spectrum" } ] }, { "name": "AI & Digital Infrastructure", "description": "AI & Digital Infrastructure encompasses the tools, compute and cloud systems, and data resources that provide the foundation for developing, deploying, and scaling artificial intelligence across domains.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/CP2PJ3W60B", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_public_infrastructure", "capabilities": [ { "name": "AI Tools & Applications", "description": "AI tools & applications are software and systems that leverage artificial intelligence techniques to perform tasks such as analysis, prediction, automation, and decision-making in various domains.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/WPZ9K6JY19", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Applications_of_artificial_intelligence" }, { "name": "Compute & Cloud Infrastructure", "description": "Compute & cloud infrastructure involves networks of remote servers (often in data centers) that host, store, manage, and process data, enabling on-demand computing services via the internet.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/MJ96YCN410", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_computing" }, { "name": "Data Resources", "description": "Data resources in digital infrastructure refer to the large collections of data and the frameworks for managing and utilizing data (data governance, databases, etc.) as strategic assets.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/ZTYV5QD91G", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_governance" } ] }, { "name": "Social Infrastructure", "description": "Social Infrastructure includes the cultural, educational, health, housing, and community systems that provide essential services and facilities to support societal well-being, cohesion, and development.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/T9AZV6K00J", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrastructure", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Cultural, Civic & Recreational Infrastructure", "description": "Cultural, civic & recreational infrastructure includes facilities such as museums, theaters, parks, and community centers that support cultural activities, civic engagement, and recreation.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/PN3916F52M", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_institution" }, { "name": "Education & Skills Infrastructure", "description": "Education & skills infrastructure encompasses the institutions, facilities, and programs (schools, universities, vocational training centers) that provide education and skills development for the population.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/0APGVQ520X", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Educational_institution" }, { "name": "Health Infrastructure", "description": "Health infrastructure includes the facilities, equipment, and organizational structures (like hospitals, clinics, and public health systems) that deliver healthcare services to a population.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/KDJVX49W2G", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_system" }, { "name": "Housing, Community & Social Services", "description": "Housing, community & social services infrastructure comprises public and affordable housing, community facilities, and the support systems for social services that improve social welfare and quality of life.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/B6KQQNDA1G", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_housing" } ] }, { "name": "Advanced Manufacturing", "description": "Advanced Manufacturing integrates materials, production systems, supply chains, and skilled workforce innovation to enable efficient, high-quality, and competitive industrial production.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/DDQ705HE07", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manufacturing", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Materials & Inputs", "description": "Materials & inputs are the basic raw materials and components required for manufacturing products, including metals, chemicals, and other essential industrial inputs.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/HQ0JRMVM1S", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raw_material" }, { "name": "Production Systems", "description": "Production systems refers to the set of processes, technologies, and workflows used to produce goods, often emphasizing efficiency, quality, and scalability in manufacturing.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/WYXMM9TW2S", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operations_management" }, { "name": "Supply Chain & Ecosystem", "description": "Supply chain & ecosystem refers to the network of organizations, people, activities, and resources involved in supplying and distributing goods from producers to consumers.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/RGEF8BNR1N", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supply_chain" }, { "name": "Workforce & Innovation.", "description": "Workforce & innovation in advanced manufacturing highlights the importance of skilled labor and a culture of innovation for maintaining competitiveness in the manufacturing sector.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/8Y9ZZPZR01", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skilled_worker" } ] }, { "name": "Aerospace Infrastructure", "description": "Aerospace Infrastructure encompasses launch, maintenance, manufacturing, and R&D facilities that provide the foundation for aerospace production, operations, and innovation.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/HTRWD1F80K", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerospace_engineering", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Launch, Maintenance & Support", "description": "Launch, maintenance & support infrastructure includes spaceports, maintenance hangars, and support services necessary for aerospace operations such as launching rockets and servicing aircraft or spacecraft.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/74F643FG2G", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spaceport" }, { "name": "Manufacturing Facilities", "description": "Manufacturing facilities are industrial sites (factories, plants) equipped for producing goods, especially those specialized for aerospace production and assembly.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/V6Q9C8KB2G", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factory" }, { "name": "R&D & Testing Facilities", "description": "R&D and testing facilities are dedicated spaces for research, development, and testing of new technologies and products, crucial for innovation in aerospace and other industries.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/Z63YY68Y2C", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Research_and_development" } ] } ] }, { "name": "National Security", "description": "National Security encompasses land, maritime, air, space, intelligence, cyber, and nuclear capabilities that together provide the armed forces, intelligence systems, and strategic deterrence necessary to safeguard sovereignty, project power, and respond to threats.", "code": "factbase.org/dom/BMQ2A9AA2F", "level": "domain", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_security", "capabilityGroups": [ { "name": "Land Power", "description": "Land Power comprises the armored, artillery, aviation, infantry, logistics, and special forces capabilities that enable armies to project combat power, mobility, and operational effectiveness on the ground.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/MC04AKJJ02", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Army", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Armored & Mechanized Forces", "description": "Armored & mechanized forces are military units equipped with armored combat vehicles (such as tanks and armored personnel carriers) designed for fast, protected mobility and firepower on the battlefield.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/G8R9Q8K11X", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armoured_warfare" }, { "name": "Artillery & Fire Support (including Air Defense)", "description": "Artillery & fire support units operate heavy firearms like howitzers, rocket launchers, and anti-aircraft systems to provide long-range firepower and air defense support to military operations.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/SBA8322C06", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artillery" }, { "name": "Aviation, Rotary Wing & Unmanned Systems", "description": "Aviation (rotary wing & unmanned systems) in land forces encompasses military helicopters and drones, which provide air mobility, reconnaissance, and fire support to ground troops.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/VV8GV4DS1T", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Army_aviation" }, { "name": "Conventional Infantry Forces", "description": "Conventional infantry forces are soldiers trained and equipped to fight on foot, forming the core of army ground combat, often supported by various weapons and vehicles.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/KD9W5BC72C", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infantry" }, { "name": "Logistics, Engineers & C4ISR", "description": "Military logistics, engineering units, and C4ISR (Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance) together ensure that armed forces are supplied, equipped, and coordinated effectively during operations.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/VM78B36R2D", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_logistics" }, { "name": "Special Forces", "description": "Special forces are elite military units trained to conduct specialized operations such as counterterrorism, reconnaissance, unconventional warfare, and direct action missions.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/GQHN8Y6Y2X", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_forces" } ] }, { "name": "Maritime Power", "description": "Maritime Power encompasses amphibious forces, carriers and naval aviation, submarines, surface combatants, and support vessels that provide naval forces with the ability to project power, secure sea lanes, and conduct operations across the maritime domain.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/EYJ6MKNV25", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navy", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Amphibious & Marines", "description": "Amphibious forces and marines specialize in amphibious warfare, conducting military operations launched from the sea by naval and land forces, including beach landings and coastal assaults.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/ERWJBJGG06", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marines" }, { "name": "Carriers & Naval Aviation", "description": "Aircraft carriers and naval aviation are elements of a navy that allow aircraft to be deployed at sea; an aircraft carrier serves as a seagoing airbase, enabling power projection far from home shores.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/NHQWAVJQ1C", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aircraft_carrier" }, { "name": "(Optional) Support & Auxiliaries", "description": "Support & auxiliary vessels are non-combat ships in a navy, such as supply ships, tankers, and hospital ships, which provide logistical and operational support to combat forces.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/ER76HD1X0H", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auxiliary_ship" }, { "name": "Submarines", "description": "A submarine is a naval vessel capable of underwater operation, typically used for stealthy surveillance, attack missions, or strategic deterrence.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/2DJ1H6FQ09", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Submarine" }, { "name": "Surface Combatants", "description": "Surface combatants are navy warships, such as destroyers and frigates, designed to engage in naval warfare on the surface of the water with weaponry for anti-ship, anti-submarine, and anti-aircraft missions.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/KF7CTSXP1X", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warship" } ] }, { "name": "Air Power", "description": "Air Power comprises air combat, mobility, attack helicopters, and strategic strike capabilities that enable control of the air, rapid force projection, and precision strikes over long distances.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/35G2CAXR0Y", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_force", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Air Combat", "description": "Air combat refers to warfare conducted in the air, including dogfights between fighter aircraft and engagements involving other military aircraft to achieve air superiority or attack targets.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/VVCRRBNY1M", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aerial_warfare" }, { "name": "Air Mobility", "description": "Air mobility involves the use of transport aircraft and aerial refueling to rapidly move troops, equipment, and supplies, providing strategic and tactical airlift capabilities.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/T85S1H4K1C", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_transport_aircraft" }, { "name": "Attack Helicopters", "description": "An attack helicopter is a military helicopter designed for carrying weapons to engage and destroy targets such as enemy armor, infantry, and fortifications.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/60W0EKGY0Y", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attack_helicopter" }, { "name": "Strategic Strike", "description": "Strategic strike capability refers to the use of long-range platforms, such as strategic bombers or missiles, to deliver powerful munitions (potentially including nuclear weapons) against high-value targets at great distances.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/N4FH19EW1J", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strategic_bomber" } ] }, { "name": "Space Capability", "description": "Space Capability includes launch and access, satellites and constellations, and space control and counterspace systems that enable secure use of space for communication, navigation, observation, and defense operations.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/FT1B0SNX2D", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_warfare", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Launch & Access", "description": "Launch & access in space capability refers to the ability to send payloads into space (via rockets or other launch vehicles) and ensure secure and sustained access to space for a nation's assets.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/B11ZEE3B19", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spaceflight" }, { "name": "Satellites & Constellations", "description": "Satellites & constellations pertain to groups of satellites working in concert (satellite constellations) to provide services like global communications, navigation, or Earth observation.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/514PP5J10F", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellite_constellation" }, { "name": "Space Control & Counterspace", "description": "Space control & counterspace involves the ability to protect one's own space assets (satellites, etc.) and, if necessary, to disrupt or destroy adversary space systems, as part of military operations in space.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/EB24SDH915", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-satellite_weapon" } ] }, { "name": "Intelligence Capability", "description": "Intelligence Capability encompasses GEOINT, HUMINT, MASINT, OSINT, and SIGINT, providing the collection and analysis of diverse information sources to support situational awareness, decision-making, and national security operations.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/1DCK7PHH22", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intelligence_(information_gathering)", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Imagery & Geospatial Intelligence (IMINT & GEOINT)", "description": "Geospatial intelligence (GEOINT) is the analysis and visual representation of security-related activities on the Earth’s surface, derived from imagery and geospatial information.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/QSZBFXFJ1X", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geospatial_intelligence" }, { "name": "Human Intelligence (HUMINT & CI)", "description": "Human intelligence (HUMINT) is intelligence collected from human sources through interpersonal contact, such as spying, interviews, or interrogations.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/VSGCQY0X0V", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clandestine_human_intelligence" }, { "name": "Technical & Scientific Intelligence (MASINT & TECHINT)", "description": "Measurement and signature intelligence (MASINT) involves collecting and analyzing technical data (signals, emissions, chemical composition, etc.) to identify distinctive characteristics of sources, often to track and identify weapons or other assets.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/Q77ZJPA40E", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Measurement_and_signature_intelligence" }, { "name": "Open-Source & Financial Intelligence (OSINT & FININT)", "description": "Open-source intelligence (OSINT) is the gathering and analysis of information from publicly available sources such as news media, public reports, and the internet.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/ZNS220A230", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-source_intelligence" }, { "name": "Signals & Cyber Intelligence (SIGINT & CYBINT)", "description": "Signals intelligence (SIGINT) is intelligence-gathering through interception of signals, including communications between people (COMINT) and electronic signals not used in communication (ELINT).", "code": "factbase.org/cap/RYPHYPWX2M", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signals_intelligence" } ] }, { "name": "Cyber Capability", "description": "Cyber Capability comprises computer network exploitation, defensive operations, and offensive operations that enable states to gather intelligence, protect digital systems, and conduct cyber warfare.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/DQAR8Z0128", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyberwarfare", "capabilities": [ { "name": "CNE (Computer Network Exploitation / Intelligence)", "description": "Computer Network Exploitation (CNE) is a form of cyber espionage where actors infiltrate computer networks to gather intelligence and information without authorization.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/40JB7F9612", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_network_operations" }, { "name": "DCO (Defensive Cyber Operations)", "description": "Defensive Cyber Operations (DCO) involve protecting and monitoring computer networks to detect, prevent, and respond to cyber attacks and intrusions.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/KVGWNPK51B", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyber_attack" }, { "name": "OCO (Offensive Cyber Operations)", "description": "Offensive Cyber Operations (OCO) refer to cyberwarfare tactics in which cyber capabilities are used to disrupt, damage, or destroy targeted systems or networks.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/3E9JB9P41V", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_weapon" } ] }, { "name": "Nuclear Capability", "description": "Nuclear Capability encompasses control, force, and sustainment systems that govern the command and use of nuclear weapons, provide the arsenal and delivery means, and ensure the long-term reliability and readiness of the nuclear enterprise.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/DC5D8MDT0H", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_command_and_control", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Control (NC3 + doctrine)", "description": "In nuclear capability, 'Control' refers to the systems and procedures (NC3: Nuclear Command, Control, and Communications) and strategic doctrine that govern the authorization and management of nuclear weapons.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/42V9D7RB2T", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_triad" }, { "name": "Force (warheads + delivery)", "description": "In nuclear capability, 'Force' refers to the nuclear arsenal of warheads and their delivery systems (such as missiles, bombers, and submarines) that make up a country's offensive nuclear forces.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/A8Y8M5JM0T", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_weapon" }, { "name": "Sustainment (industrial base)", "description": "In nuclear capability, 'Sustainment' refers to the maintenance and support of the nuclear weapons industrial base, ensuring the reliability, safety, and production capability of a nation's nuclear arsenal over time.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/9K1SKHG61Z", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_weapon" } ] } ] } ] }, { "name": "Soft Power", "description": "Soft Power encompasses human capital, information and influence, diplomacy, diaspora, cultural reach, and governance integrity that project values, build trust, and shape a nation’s global reputation and influence.", "code": "factbase.org/dim/NYZH71G51E", "level": "dimension", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soft_power", "domains": [ { "name": "Human Capital", "description": "Human Capital encompasses education, skills, health, and innovation systems—including schooling, higher education, vocational training, workforce upskilling, digital literacy, research, and public health—that together determine the knowledge, capabilities, and well-being of a population.", "code": "factbase.org/dom/8RQQTGPQ24", "level": "domain", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_capital", "capabilityGroups": [ { "name": "Primary & Secondary Education", "description": "Primary & Secondary Education measures enrollment, equity, and learning outcomes to assess the reach, inclusiveness, and quality of schooling at the foundational levels.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/3E32A68M03", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K-12", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Enrollment & Completion Rates", "description": "Enrollment & completion rates measure how many students enter and finish primary and secondary education, indicating the coverage and effectiveness of the school system.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/KDF0T4H41C", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graduation_rate" }, { "name": "Equity & Access", "description": "Equity & access in education addresses fairness and inclusion, ensuring all students have equal opportunities to access quality education regardless of their background.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/SKE14D7R1J", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Educational_equity" }, { "name": "Learning Outcomes", "description": "Learning outcomes refer to the knowledge and skills students acquire through education, often assessed via tests and exams to evaluate the quality of education.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/8NW6NH1B2C", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Educational_assessment" } ] }, { "name": "Higher Education", "description": "Higher Education encompasses enrollment, graduation, employability, and research performance as measures of access, quality, and impact in tertiary education.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/KER67VVT2K", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Higher_education", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Graduation & Employability Rates", "description": "Graduation & employability rates in higher education reflect the proportion of students who successfully complete their degrees and how readily graduates secure employment in their field.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/KWXHTS7X1W", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graduate_employability" }, { "name": "Gross Enrollment Ratio (GER)", "description": "Gross Enrollment Ratio (GER) in higher education is a statistical measure that compares the number of students enrolled in tertiary education to the population of the age group that officially corresponds to that education level.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/1HGMY5E41J", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gross_enrolment_ratio" }, { "name": "Research Output & Quality", "description": "Research output & quality refers to the quantity of academic research (such as publications) produced by an institution and the impact or excellence of that research, often measured by citations or journal quality.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/XTMES4XD2M", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibliometrics" } ] }, { "name": "Vocational & Technical Skills", "description": "Vocational & Technical Skills are measured through certification, industry placements, and participation rates that reflect workforce readiness and the development of practical, career-focused competencies.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/ESWKAM6C1R", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocational_education", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Certification & Recognition", "description": "Certification & recognition in vocational and technical skills refer to formal credentials and acknowledgments that an individual has attained specific skills or competencies in a trade or profession.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/RMDAGNV300", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Professional_certification" }, { "name": "Industry Placement & Apprenticeships", "description": "Industry placements & apprenticeships are work-based training programs where individuals gain practical experience and skills by working with employers while often receiving related technical instruction.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/36WPCHF41T", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apprenticeship" }, { "name": "Participation Rates in TVET", "description": "Participation rates in Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) indicate how many individuals engage in vocational or technical skill programs, highlighting the uptake of career-focused education.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/W0XCE84S0X", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technical_and_vocational_education_and_training" } ] }, { "name": "Workforce Upskilling", "description": "Workforce Upskilling captures adult learning, reskilling initiatives, and employer training investment that enable workers to adapt to evolving job demands and technological change.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/G0YNSB0008", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Workforce_development", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Adult Participation in Lifelong Learning", "description": "Adult participation in lifelong learning measures the extent to which adults engage in continuous education and skills development throughout their lives, beyond formal schooling years.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/2YW4N1TM00", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lifelong_learning" }, { "name": "Coverage of Reskilling Initiatives", "description": "Coverage of reskilling initiatives indicates how broadly programs for retraining or upskilling workers are available and accessed, helping workers adapt to changing job requirements.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/3SGZZHT221", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reskilling" }, { "name": "Employer Investment in Training", "description": "Employer investment in training refers to the resources and support businesses provide for upskilling and developing the skills of their employees.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/415VKXA92X", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Training_and_development" } ] }, { "name": "Digital & AI Literacy", "description": "Digital & AI Literacy encompasses basic digital skills, advanced AI competence, and access and usage levels that together determine a population’s ability to participate effectively in the digital economy.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/VG7YPWVP1F", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_literacy", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Advanced/AI Competence", "description": "Advanced/AI competence refers to the higher-level digital skills associated with understanding and working with advanced technologies like artificial intelligence, data science, and machine learning.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/YRZX1NCS1G", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence" }, { "name": "Basic Digital Competence Levels", "description": "Basic digital competence levels refer to the fundamental skills needed to use digital devices and the internet, often including abilities like using a computer, navigating online, and understanding digital content.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/1E028BW81F", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_literacy" }, { "name": "Digital Access & Usage", "description": "Digital access & usage refers to the availability and extent of use of digital technologies (like the internet and computers) among a population, highlighting gaps (digital divide) between different groups.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/R7SK4C8V1N", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_divide" } ] }, { "name": "Research & Innovation", "description": "Research & Innovation is measured through R&D investment, research output, and talent pipelines that drive scientific progress and technological advancement.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/ECYSQP6D0H", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Research_and_development", "capabilities": [ { "name": "R&D Intensity", "description": "R&D intensity is the level of investment in research and development, typically measured as R&D expenditure relative to economic output (like GDP), reflecting a country's emphasis on innovation.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/1KRX42RG1B", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_research_and_development_spending" }, { "name": "Research Output", "description": "Research output denotes the quantity of scholarly work (such as scientific papers, patents, etc.) produced through research activities in a country or institution.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/45VVA6VX0P", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Academic_publishing" }, { "name": "Talent Pipeline", "description": "Talent pipeline refers to the continuous development and supply of skilled individuals (often in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) who are available to meet the future needs of research and industry.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/90Z0B77F15", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talent_management" } ] }, { "name": "Public Health & Wellness", "description": "Public Health & Wellness encompasses access and coverage, healthcare workforce capacity, and population outcomes that reflect the availability, quality, and effectiveness of health systems.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/SVRZDKV40D", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_health", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Health Access & Coverage", "description": "Health access & coverage measures the extent to which a population can obtain needed healthcare services (access) and is covered by health insurance or public health systems (coverage).", "code": "factbase.org/cap/ZQB6YSNF0D", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universal_health_coverage" }, { "name": "Healthcare Workforce & Capacity", "description": "Healthcare workforce & capacity refers to the availability and capability of healthcare professionals and facilities to provide medical services, including the number of doctors, nurses, and the infrastructure to support patient care.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/4HKXYWF31F", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_human_resources" }, { "name": "Population Health Outcomes", "description": "Population health outcomes are metrics that reflect the overall health of a community or nation, such as life expectancy, disease prevalence, and mortality rates, indicating how well a society prevents and manages health issues.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/ZS0TWQPX2F", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Population_health" } ] } ] }, { "name": "Information & Influence", "description": "Information & Influence encompasses national identity, language exchange, diplomacy, diaspora, media integrity, and cultural reach that shape how a nation projects its values, builds trust, and influences perceptions at home and abroad.", "code": "factbase.org/dom/B2K5Q48B21", "level": "domain", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_diplomacy", "capabilityGroups": [ { "name": "National Identity & Social Cohesion", "description": "National Identity & Social Cohesion reflects civic trust, resilience, shared values, and participation that sustain unity, stability, and collective purpose within society.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/WH10A7ZN0B", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_identity", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Civic Trust & Unity", "description": "Civic trust & unity refers to the level of trust citizens have in each other and in institutions, as well as the sense of solidarity and national unity within society.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/GS4WRJDT2X", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_trust" }, { "name": "Resilience & Stability", "description": "Resilience & stability in a society context refers to the ability of communities and institutions to withstand and recover from crises or conflicts, and the overall steadiness of the social and political environment.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/SQDCVJK114", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_resilience" }, { "name": "Shared Values & Civic Participation", "description": "Shared values & civic participation capture how much a society shares common values and norms, and the degree to which citizens actively participate in civic and community activities.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/3SKKKXXM1Y", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civic_engagement" } ] }, { "name": "Language & People-to-People Exchange", "description": "Language & People-to-People Exchange encompasses global language reach, cultural interaction, academic exchange, and tourism flows that foster international understanding, collaboration, and connectivity.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/CK5CCP8407", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_exchange", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Global Language Reach", "description": "Global language reach refers to the extent a language is spoken or understood around the world, with some languages serving as international lingua francas due to their widespread use.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/WE59EXAC1C", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_language" }, { "name": "Language & People-to-People Exchange", "description": "Language & people-to-people exchange involves interactions between citizens of different countries through language learning, cultural exchanges, tourism, and other direct contacts, fostering mutual understanding.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/YGR6XDCE23", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intercultural_communication" }, { "name": "Student & Academic Exchange", "description": "Student & academic exchange programs allow students and scholars to study or work abroad at partner institutions, promoting cross-cultural learning and international collaboration in education.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/6RBHMCP22W", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Student_exchange_program" }, { "name": "Tourism & Travel Exchange", "description": "Tourism & travel exchange refers to the flows of people traveling for leisure, business, or education between countries, which can enhance cultural understanding and economic ties.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/50S746S609", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tourism" } ] }, { "name": "Diplomatic & Global Networks", "description": "Diplomatic & Global Networks encompass agenda-setting, diplomatic presence, and multilateral engagement that reflect a country’s influence, representation, and collaboration in international affairs.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/94ZKMVVR08", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diplomatic_mission", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Agenda-Setting Capacity", "description": "Agenda-setting capacity refers to a country's ability to influence the priorities and discussions on the international stage, often through its leadership, soft power, or strategic initiatives.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/V68CVFT51W", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hegemony" }, { "name": "Diplomatic Presence", "description": "Diplomatic presence denotes a country's network of embassies, consulates, and diplomatic missions around the world, reflecting its engagement and representation in international affairs.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/76H8AY3M1X", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embassy" }, { "name": "Multilateral Engagement", "description": "Multilateral engagement is a country's active participation in international organizations and cooperative agreements, working with multiple nations to address global or regional issues.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/B79Z47MP13", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multilateralism" } ] }, { "name": "Diaspora & Global Communities", "description": "Diaspora & Global Communities captures the scale, economic contributions, and political and cultural influence of overseas populations that shape international ties, investment flows, and global perceptions of a nation.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/4X2ZZZNJ02", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diaspora", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Diaspora Scale & Distribution", "description": "Diaspora scale & distribution refers to the size of a country's population living abroad and how widely they are spread globally, which can have social and economic impacts for both home and host countries.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/R1WQJS4G1W", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_migration" }, { "name": "Economic Contribution", "description": "Economic contribution of the diaspora is often measured by remittances—money sent back home by citizens living abroad—as well as investments and business links they facilitate with their country of origin.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/E0RJHF5C01", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remittance" }, { "name": "Political & Cultural Influence Abroad", "description": "Political & cultural influence abroad involves how diaspora communities engage in the politics of their host and home countries and promote their cultural heritage globally, impacting international relations and cultural trends.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/5TTP180P26", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_diplomacy" } ] }, { "name": "Information Influence & Integrity", "description": "Information Influence & Integrity encompasses media reach, strategic communications, and resilience to disinformation that shape a nation’s ability to project narratives, safeguard its information space, and influence public opinion.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/PZT0469X18", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_communication", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Disinformation Resilience", "description": "Disinformation resilience refers to the ability of a society to withstand and counteract the spread of false or misleading information (disinformation), maintaining the integrity of its information environment.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/YYX8KHQR17", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media_literacy" }, { "name": "Media Presence & Reach", "description": "Media presence & reach indicates how widely a country's media (news outlets, television, film, etc.) disseminate information and culture domestically and internationally, reflecting its influence on public opinion.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/RWBBGPMC09", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_broadcasting" }, { "name": "Strategic Communications Capacity", "description": "Strategic communications capacity is the ability of a government or organization to effectively communicate information and narratives to influence public perception and advance its strategic objectives.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/SZYZ49YS1X", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strategic_communication" } ] }, { "name": "Cultural Reach & Influence", "description": "Cultural Reach & Influence includes creative exports, heritage, and global sporting presence that extend a nation’s cultural impact, identity, and prestige on the international stage.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/R5MWRRWZ2F", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_globalization", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Creative & Cultural Exports", "description": "Creative & cultural exports are the products and media (such as films, music, literature, fashion) that a country produces and distributes globally, contributing to its cultural influence worldwide.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/PZGZQQR81N", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_industries" }, { "name": "Heritage & Institutions", "description": "Heritage & institutions in cultural reach refers to a country's historic legacy and cultural institutions (like museums, monuments, traditions) that shape its national identity and attract global interest.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/CGQZWXMC1A", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_heritage" }, { "name": "Sports & Mega-Events", "description": "Sports & mega-events refer to a nation's involvement in major international sporting events (like the Olympics or World Cup) and the use of sports as a diplomatic tool, which can enhance national prestige and foster international goodwill.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/J1SDVVPQ1B", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sports_diplomacy" } ] } ] }, { "name": "Governance & Integrity", "description": "Governance & Integrity encompasses rule of law, judicial independence, regulatory quality, government effectiveness, anti-corruption, transparency, public trust, and crisis response that together uphold accountability, stability, and resilience in institutions and society.", "code": "factbase.org/dom/9Z9ZK1SX2S", "level": "domain", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Good_governance", "capabilityGroups": [ { "name": "Stability & Rule of Law", "description": "Stability & Rule of Law encompasses citizen security, political stability, and enforcement of legal systems that uphold safety, justice, and consistent governance within society.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/CN6GHBRH1T", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_law", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Citizen & Institutional Security", "description": "Citizen & institutional security involves the protection of the general public and state institutions from crime, violence, and threats, contributing to overall stability and safety in society.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/E7ZX4KDV08", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_safety" }, { "name": "Political Stability", "description": "Political stability indicates the likelihood that a government will be maintained without major turmoil or abrupt change, often reflecting low levels of political violence and consistent governance.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/7A09TEFH09", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_stability" }, { "name": "Rule of Law Enforcement", "description": "Rule of law enforcement refers to the extent to which laws are upheld and applied equally in society, ensuring that no one is above the law and that justice is consistently administered.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/V63BJTZM0A", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_enforcement" } ] }, { "name": "Judicial Independence / Civil Liberties", "description": "Judicial Independence / Civil Liberties encompasses access to justice, civil rights protections, and judicial impartiality that safeguard individual freedoms and ensure fairness and equality under the rule of law.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/G9RRYBNA1E", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_liberties", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Access to Justice", "description": "Access to justice means the ability of people to seek and obtain a remedy through legal institutions for grievances, ensuring that legal systems are accessible, fair, and effective for all segments of society.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/P84GVFK92S", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Access_to_justice" }, { "name": "Civil Rights Protections", "description": "Civil rights protections refer to the laws and safeguards in place that ensure individuals’ fundamental rights and liberties (such as freedom of speech, assembly, and equality before the law) are respected and upheld.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/ZCVZA8XN0Y", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_rights" }, { "name": "Judicial Independence", "description": "Judicial independence is the principle that the judiciary should be impartial and not subject to undue influence from the other branches of government or external pressures, allowing judges to make decisions based solely on the law.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/5XM99YKX2C", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judicial_independence" } ] }, { "name": "Policy & Regulatory Quality", "description": "Policy & Regulatory Quality reflects the business environment, legislative standards, and policy predictability that shape effective governance, economic stability, and institutional trust.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/N952FB2S0Q", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regulatory_policy", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Business Environment", "description": "Business environment refers to the overall climate in which businesses operate, including factors like regulatory efficiency, market openness, and the ease of starting and running a company.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/292V1PJT1F", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ease_of_doing_business_index" }, { "name": "Legislative & Regulatory Quality", "description": "Legislative & regulatory quality refers to how well laws and regulations are designed and implemented, impacting clarity, efficiency, and effectiveness of governance and the business environment.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/M5KHAWTJ0V", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Better_regulation" }, { "name": "Policy Predictability", "description": "Policy predictability is the consistency and reliability of government policies over time, reducing uncertainty for businesses and citizens and contributing to a stable economic and political environment.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/M1CTRA6W03", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_policy_uncertainty" } ] }, { "name": "Government Effectiveness", "description": "Government Effectiveness encompasses policy implementation, public administration, and service delivery capacity that determine how well governments translate decisions into outcomes for citizens.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/KJ8Z07R70G", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governance", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Policy Implementation", "description": "Policy implementation is the process of putting government policies and decisions into practice through administrative action, and it reflects how well policies translate into real-world outcomes.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/GDVWXCAQ1V", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Policy_implementation" }, { "name": "Public Administration Quality", "description": "Public administration quality reflects the effectiveness and professionalism of the civil service and government agencies in implementing policies, delivering services, and managing public resources.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/V475YQQ019", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_administration" }, { "name": "Service Delivery Capacity", "description": "Service delivery capacity is the ability of government and institutions to provide public services (such as healthcare, education, utilities) efficiently and effectively to the population.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/TESME8S60F", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_service" } ] }, { "name": "Integrity & Anti-Corruption", "description": "Integrity & Anti-Corruption encompasses legal frameworks, ethical standards, and efforts to reduce corruption that promote transparency, accountability, and trust in public institutions.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/VGMWGM8A0G", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-corruption", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Anti-Corruption Framework", "description": "An anti-corruption framework encompasses the laws, institutions, and measures put in place to prevent, detect, and punish corruption in government and business.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/0Z3T2F2A2S", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nations_Convention_against_Corruption" }, { "name": "Corruption Prevalence", "description": "Corruption prevalence refers to how common corrupt practices (such as bribery, embezzlement, or nepotism) are in a society, often inversely related to the strength of governance and rule of law.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/3HS2CQMM1X", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corruption_Perceptions_Index" }, { "name": "Public Sector Ethics", "description": "Public sector ethics are principles and standards of conduct that guide the behavior of individuals working in government and public service, emphasizing integrity, transparency, and accountability.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/33W3CXFT0J", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_ethics" } ] }, { "name": "Transparency & Accountability", "description": "Transparency & Accountability encompasses access to information, media freedom, and oversight mechanisms that ensure government actions are open, responsible, and subject to public scrutiny.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/GKQA9DSC1F", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_government", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Access to Information", "description": "Access to information entails the public's right and ability to obtain government-held information, often ensured by freedom of information laws that promote transparency and accountability.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/MAC8Y2X90V", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_of_information" }, { "name": "Media Freedom", "description": "Media freedom is the extent to which news outlets and journalists can operate independently without censorship or undue influence, allowing them to report and criticize freely as part of a healthy democracy.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/EHGBZ92A16", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_of_the_press" }, { "name": "Oversight & Audit", "description": "Oversight & audit mechanisms are processes by which independent bodies or agencies review government operations and finances to ensure accountability, detect mismanagement, and uphold standards.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/AV8HN5FC1R", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supreme_audit_institution" } ] }, { "name": "Public Trust & Legitimacy", "description": "Public Trust & Legitimacy encompasses citizen participation, fairness in governance, and confidence in institutions that sustain democratic accountability and societal cohesion.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/XKHA8B8624", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_legitimacy", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Citizen Participation", "description": "Citizen participation is the involvement of citizens in the political process, including voting, public consultations, community activities, and other forms of engagement in governance.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/B5B7X7P80H", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_participation" }, { "name": "Fairness & Equality", "description": "Fairness & equality in governance refers to the degree to which a society provides equal opportunities and unbiased treatment to all individuals, without discrimination or undue privilege.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/RQBPC7K809", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equality_before_the_law" }, { "name": "Trust in Institutions", "description": "Trust in institutions refers to the public's confidence in governmental and societal institutions (like the government, judiciary, police) to act in the public interest and perform their functions effectively.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/AJXKJ8361F", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_trust" } ] }, { "name": "Resilience & Crisis Response", "description": "Resilience & Crisis Response encompasses preparedness, coordination, and recovery capacities that enable societies to withstand, manage, and bounce back from emergencies and disruptions.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/8BZS9P5Q2N", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergency_management", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Crisis Coordination", "description": "Crisis coordination involves the leadership, plans, and communication among various agencies and stakeholders to manage and resolve an emergency or crisis situation efficiently.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/NH3Q9D6129", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crisis_management" }, { "name": "Emergency Preparedness", "description": "Emergency preparedness entails the planning and readiness measures in place to effectively respond to and recover from disasters and crises, minimizing harm to people and property.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/V53T5PKB0D", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emergency_preparedness" }, { "name": "Recovery & Continuity", "description": "Recovery & continuity refer to the efforts and processes that ensure critical services and functions can resume quickly after a disaster, including restoring infrastructure and maintaining continuity of operations.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/HY7AEVQ90R", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disaster_recovery" } ] } ] } ] }, { "name": "Economic Power", "description": "Economic Power encompasses financial strength, production and innovation, and trade and investment capabilities that together determine a nation’s capacity to generate wealth, sustain growth, and exert influence in the global economy.", "code": "factbase.org/dim/P0AGFQA70T", "level": "dimension", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_power", "domains": [ { "name": "Financial Strength", "description": "Financial Strength encompasses monetary stability, fiscal health, regulatory quality, market depth, capital access, global integration, reserves, and shock absorption that together ensure a nation’s financial resilience, stability, and capacity to support long-term growth.", "code": "factbase.org/dom/R53AC5KX15", "level": "domain", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_stability", "capabilityGroups": [ { "name": "Monetary & Currency Stability", "description": "Monetary & Currency Stability encompasses inflation control, exchange rate stability, and central bank independence that ensure stable prices, reliable currency value, and sound economic management.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/E7A5M8931G", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monetary_policy", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Inflation Control", "description": "Inflation control is the set of monetary and fiscal policies aimed at maintaining price stability in an economy, preventing excessive inflation or deflation.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/2X9EZRQ42W", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inflation" }, { "name": "Exchange Rate Stability", "description": "Exchange rate stability refers to maintaining a stable value of a country's currency relative to others, avoiding large fluctuations that could disrupt trade and economic planning.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/M1PDQQQY2E", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exchange_rate" }, { "name": "Central Bank Independence", "description": "Central bank independence is the extent to which a nation's central bank operates without political or governmental interference, allowing it to make decisions (like setting interest rates) aimed at long-term economic stability.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/ZFYJ265N1D", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_bank_independence" } ] }, { "name": "Fiscal Strength & Sovereign Creditworthiness", "description": "Fiscal Strength & Sovereign Creditworthiness encompasses debt sustainability, fiscal balance, and sovereign credit ratings that reflect a government’s financial health and its capacity to borrow and meet obligations.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/58HAAART29", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Credit_rating", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Debt Sustainability", "description": "Debt sustainability refers to a government's ability to manage and repay its public debt without external assistance or default, ensuring that debt levels remain manageable relative to the economy.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/6G3W46392P", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_debt" }, { "name": "Fiscal Balance", "description": "Fiscal balance is the difference between a government's revenues and expenditures; a surplus indicates revenues exceed spending, while a deficit indicates spending is higher than income.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/XV2RZA471H", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_budget_balance" }, { "name": "Sovereign Credit Ratings", "description": "Sovereign credit ratings are assessments by credit rating agencies of a country's creditworthiness, influencing its ability to borrow on international markets and the interest rates it pays.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/XJ5TQQ3G11", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bond_credit_rating" } ] }, { "name": "Financial Governance & Regulation", "description": "Financial Governance & Regulation encompasses global standards compliance, prudential oversight, and regulatory independence that ensure stability, integrity, and impartial supervision of financial systems.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/ADN45QS41M", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_regulation", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Global Standards Compliance", "description": "Global standards compliance refers to a country's adherence to international financial regulations and standards (such as Basel banking standards or anti-money laundering rules) that promote stability and integrity in the global financial system.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/N8MQDX7Q05", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_finance" }, { "name": "Prudential Oversight", "description": "Prudential oversight involves regulatory and supervisory frameworks designed to ensure the stability and soundness of financial institutions (like banks), preventing excessive risk-taking and protecting depositors.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/4BPHWXV424", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_regulation" }, { "name": "Regulatory Independence", "description": "Regulatory independence refers to the degree to which financial regulatory bodies (or regulators in general) operate autonomously, without undue influence from political or industry pressures, to enforce rules impartially.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/A0G71CGJ2R", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independent_agency" } ] }, { "name": "Financial Markets Depth & Liquidity", "description": "Financial Markets Depth & Liquidity encompasses equity and bond markets, banking assets, and market liquidity that reflect the scale, activity, and efficiency of a country’s financial system.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/BT9DPKBP16", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_market", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Equity & Bond Markets", "description": "Equity & bond markets are parts of the capital market where companies and governments can raise funds; the equity market (stock market) deals with shares of ownership, while the bond market deals with debt securities.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/24W5JJFS14", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_market" }, { "name": "Banking Sector Assets", "description": "Banking sector assets refer to the total assets held by banks in an economy, reflecting the size and capacity of the banking system to provide credit and financial services.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/HQARDCG624", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banking" }, { "name": "Market Liquidity", "description": "Market liquidity is the ease with which assets can be bought or sold in a market without affecting their price significantly, indicating the level of active trading and availability of buyers and sellers.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/KWPF1ZNJ11", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquidity" } ] }, { "name": "Capital Availability & Access", "description": "Capital Availability & Access encompasses private credit, infrastructure and SME finance, and financial inclusion that determine how effectively capital is mobilized to support investment, growth, and broad economic participation.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/PA5R4PR80E", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_market", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Private Sector Credit", "description": "Private sector credit is the amount of credit (loans, financing) provided to private businesses and individuals by financial institutions, which fuels investment and consumption in the economy.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/VKB0Y14506", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Credit_(finance)" }, { "name": "Infrastructure & SME Finance", "description": "Infrastructure & SME finance refers to the availability of financing for large-scale infrastructure projects and for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), which are vital for economic development and innovation.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/M5DWQW8M21", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SME_finance" }, { "name": "Financial Inclusion", "description": "Financial inclusion is the effort to ensure that individuals and businesses have access to useful and affordable financial services (such as banking, credit, insurance), regardless of their income level or location.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/TRPRF1BZ22", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_inclusion" } ] }, { "name": "Global Financial Integration", "description": "Global Financial Integration encompasses cross-border capital flows, reserve currency roles, and participation in international institutions that connect a country’s economy to the global financial system.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/A35A9AHV30", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_financial_system", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Cross-Border Capital Flows", "description": "Cross-border capital flows are the movements of money for the purpose of investment, trade, or business production across international borders, reflecting the level of financial integration between countries.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/98MDSNG62J", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_integration" }, { "name": "Reserve Currency Role", "description": "A reserve currency role refers to the use of a country's currency (such as the US dollar or euro) by other countries as a major part of their foreign exchange reserves and for international transactions.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/2EN9GA3F0X", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reserve_currency" }, { "name": "Global Institution Participation", "description": "Global institution participation indicates a country's involvement and membership in major international economic organizations (like the IMF, World Bank, WTO), through which it cooperates in global financial and economic governance.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/5AWMP5G327", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" } ] }, { "name": "Sovereign Wealth & Reserve Capacity", "description": "Sovereign Wealth & Reserve Capacity encompasses foreign-exchange reserves, sovereign wealth funds, and external investment reach that underpin financial stability, long-term savings, and global economic influence.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/QNZ0TAZT2B", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovereign_wealth_fund", "capabilities": [ { "name": "FX Reserves", "description": "Foreign-exchange (FX) reserves are holdings of foreign currencies and other reserve assets (like gold) held by a central bank, used to back liabilities and influence monetary policy and exchange rates.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/E9ZHNAKS1P", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign-exchange_reserves" }, { "name": "Sovereign Wealth Funds", "description": "A sovereign wealth fund is a state-owned investment fund made up of money generated by the government, often from surplus revenues or reserves, invested in various assets to benefit the country's economy and citizens.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/GGDTDNX42E", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovereign_wealth_fund" }, { "name": "External Investment Reach", "description": "External investment reach refers to the extent and impact of a country's investments abroad (outward foreign direct investment), indicating how its companies and capital are engaged globally.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/C8XRF7KP2E", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_direct_investment" } ] }, { "name": "Resilience & Shock Absorption", "description": "Resilience & Shock Absorption encompasses banking stability, crisis response mechanisms, and external buffers that enable economies to withstand financial shocks and recover quickly from crises.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/NXA6CZ101C", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_stability", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Banking Stability", "description": "Banking stability refers to the soundness of the banking system, indicating its resilience to shocks (like bank runs or financial crises) and its ability to maintain operations and credit flows.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/P9CK3JFD2C", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_stability" }, { "name": "Crisis Response Mechanisms", "description": "Crisis response mechanisms are the tools and systems (such as emergency lending facilities, bailouts, or deposit insurance) in place to manage and mitigate financial crises, aiming to restore stability.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/93T4JNTV1D", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_crisis" }, { "name": "External Buffers", "description": "External buffers refer to the financial safeguards a country has against external shocks, such as foreign exchange reserves, current account surpluses, or sovereign wealth funds, which can cushion the economy during global volatility.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/GQ2KNBB70B", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balance_of_payments" } ] } ] }, { "name": "Production & Innovation", "description": "Production & Innovation encompasses economic output, industrial capacity, output complexity, R&D, intellectual property, entrepreneurship, technology diffusion, and frontier innovation that together drive productivity, competitiveness, and long-term growth.", "code": "factbase.org/dom/6FTJF30B01", "level": "domain", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labour_productivity", "capabilityGroups": [ { "name": "Economic Output & Productivity", "description": "Economic Output & Productivity encompasses GDP scale, growth, and productivity measures that reflect the size, efficiency, and technological progress of an economy.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/SYRXFQF01G", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Productivity", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Factor Productivity", "description": "Factor productivity measures how efficiently economic inputs (like labor and capital) are used to produce output; improvements in productivity indicate greater output from the same amount of input.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/Q2EK6QCG0S", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Productivity" }, { "name": "GDP Scale & Growth", "description": "GDP scale & growth refers to the total size of an economy (its Gross Domestic Product) and the rate at which it is expanding, which are key indicators of economic strength and development.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/QWV6KXRK2X", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" }, { "name": "Total Factor Productivity", "description": "Total factor productivity (TFP) is a variable that accounts for effects on total output not caused by traditionally measured inputs of labor and capital; it reflects factors like technological innovation and efficiency improvements.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/7FMW3KYR0E", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_factor_productivity" } ] }, { "name": "Industrial & Manufacturing Capacity", "description": "Industrial & Manufacturing Capacity encompasses advanced manufacturing, foundational industries, and strategic materials processing that provide the backbone for economic production and national resilience.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/QV39554G28", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manufacturing", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Advanced Manufacturing Capacity", "description": "Advanced manufacturing involves the use of cutting-edge technology, automation, and innovative processes in the production of goods, often leading to higher efficiency, precision, and customization.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/YNAPR0BA1N", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_manufacturing" }, { "name": "Foundational Industries", "description": "Foundational industries are basic industries (such as steel, cement, or chemicals) that provide essential materials and inputs for other sectors, forming the backbone of an industrial economy.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/XKPSCSCM10", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrialization" }, { "name": "Strategic Materials & Processing", "description": "Strategic materials & processing refers to the production and refinement of materials critical for economic and national security (like rare earth elements), and the capability to process them into usable forms.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/8TPDZPS011", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical_mineral" } ] }, { "name": "Output Complexity", "description": "Output Complexity encompasses export diversity, technological sophistication, and value chain positioning that reflect the innovation, competitiveness, and strategic depth of an economy’s production.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/0QBZNZBR14", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_Complexity_Index", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Diversity of Exports", "description": "Diversity of exports refers to the range of different products or services a country sells abroad; greater export diversity can reduce dependence on any single commodity or trading partner.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/WBTN1PHJ30", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_trade" }, { "name": "Technological Sophistication", "description": "Technological sophistication describes the level of advancement and complexity of technologies used and produced in an economy, reflecting innovation and the capacity to produce high-tech goods.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/8SVRNXZH1N", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology" }, { "name": "Value Chain Positioning", "description": "Value chain positioning refers to the place a country or company occupies in global value chains, from basic raw material production (upstream) to manufacturing to final product development and branding (downstream).", "code": "factbase.org/cap/HN263ERC1E", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_value_chain" } ] }, { "name": "Research & Development", "description": "Research & Development encompasses human capital, innovation activity, and R&D intensity that drive technological progress and sustained economic growth.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/EHWQ418M0F", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Research_and_development", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Human Capital in R&D", "description": "Human capital in R&D highlights the importance of skilled researchers, engineers, and scientists available in an economy to drive research and innovation activities.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/H9NRN85228", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_capital" }, { "name": "Innovation Activity", "description": "Innovation activity refers to the process of developing new products, services, or processes, and the overall level of creative technological development occurring within an economy.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/RG1ZATVW1X", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innovation" }, { "name": "R&D Intensity", "description": "R&D intensity is the level of investment in research and development, typically measured as R&D expenditure relative to economic output (like GDP), reflecting a country's emphasis on innovation.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/CW48VV8519", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Research_and_development" } ] }, { "name": "Intellectual Property & Knowledge Assets", "description": "Intellectual Property & Knowledge Assets encompass patents, trademarks, knowledge transfer, and knowledge-intensive exports that protect innovation, enable diffusion of expertise, and strengthen high-value industries.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/VATEB1YP0Y", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intellectual_property", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Knowledge-Intensive Exports", "description": "Knowledge-intensive exports are goods and services that require significant technological innovation, research, or expertise to produce, reflecting an economy's strength in high-value, knowledge-driven industries.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/F4DC9CFT1K", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge_economy" }, { "name": "Knowledge Transfer", "description": "Knowledge transfer is the process by which skills, technology, and expertise are shared between people or organizations, fostering innovation and development by spreading know-how.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/NCPCTQTB15", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge_transfer" }, { "name": "Patents & Trademarks", "description": "Patents & trademarks are forms of intellectual property rights that protect inventions (patents) and brand identifiers (trademarks), encouraging innovation and brand development by granting exclusive rights.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/TRDS9SJR2R", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intellectual_property" } ] }, { "name": "SMEs & Startups", "description": "SMEs & Startups encompass entrepreneurial activity, financing ecosystems, and business survival and growth that drive innovation, job creation, and economic dynamism.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/GFTKDP661S", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_and_medium_enterprises", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Entrepreneurial Activity", "description": "Entrepreneurial activity refers to the rate at which individuals in an economy start new businesses or ventures, indicating a dynamic business climate and potential for innovation and job creation.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/3P74TEFP2K", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entrepreneurship" }, { "name": "Financing & Ecosystem Support", "description": "Financing & ecosystem support for startups and SMEs includes access to venture capital, incubators, mentorship, and supportive policies that help new businesses to start, grow, and thrive.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/DQW225WG1T", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venture_capital" }, { "name": "Survival & Growth", "description": "Survival & growth in the context of startups and SMEs refer to the ability of new businesses to sustain operations beyond their initial years and to expand over time, contributing to economic development.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/D5G5SBHY0G", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_business" } ] }, { "name": "Technology Adoption & Diffusion", "description": "Technology Adoption & Diffusion encompasses digital uptake, industrial diffusion, and sectoral penetration that reflect how widely and effectively new technologies spread across an economy.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/GXJMEB4F1D", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffusion_of_innovations", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Digital Adoption", "description": "Digital adoption refers to the extent to which digital technologies (like the internet, software, and digital tools) are embraced and used across an economy, which influences productivity and innovation.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/TEA6NZFY26", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffusion_of_innovations" }, { "name": "Industrial Technology Diffusion", "description": "Industrial technology diffusion is the spread of new technologies and innovations from their originators (such as research labs or leading firms) to a wider range of firms and industries within the economy.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/KC849XB92N", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology_transfer" }, { "name": "Sectoral Penetration", "description": "Sectoral penetration describes how deeply and widely new technologies or practices have been adopted across different sectors of the economy, indicating broad-based technological advancement.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/TEVVD47P2Z", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffusion_of_innovations" } ] }, { "name": "Innovation Ecosystem & Frontier Tech", "description": "Innovation Ecosystem & Frontier Tech encompasses frontier technologies, global innovation positioning, and collaborative networks that drive cutting-edge advancements and strengthen competitiveness on the world stage.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/X2DPGW8P22", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emerging_technologies", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Frontier Technologies", "description": "Frontier technologies are the latest, cutting-edge technologies (such as artificial intelligence, biotechnology, and nanotechnology) that have the potential to significantly impact industry and society.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/JS7Z1JNT1M", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emerging_technologies" }, { "name": "Global Positioning", "description": "Global positioning in innovation context refers to a country’s standing or rank in terms of innovation on the world stage, often assessed through indices that measure innovation capability and output.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/1B9H6WYY1N", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Innovation_Index" }, { "name": "Innovation Networks", "description": "Innovation networks are collaborative links between individuals, companies, universities, and institutions that facilitate the exchange of ideas and resources, driving technological development and innovation.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/9W68DJ6B2H", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_innovation_system" } ] } ] }, { "name": "Investment & Trade", "description": "Investment & Trade encompasses infrastructure, policies, digital trade, investment flows, export competitiveness, sophistication, value chain integration, and trade dependencies that shape a country’s global economic engagement and influence.", "code": "factbase.org/dom/8TCM1EXT2Y", "level": "domain", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_trade", "capabilityGroups": [ { "name": "Trade Infrastructure", "description": "Trade Infrastructure encompasses logistics efficiency, port capacity, and transport networks that enable the smooth movement of goods and people across borders and global markets.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/Q31F87G12Q", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trade_facilitation", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Logistics & Customs Efficiency", "description": "Logistics & customs efficiency reflects how smoothly goods are transported and cleared across borders, highlighting the effectiveness of supply chain management and customs procedures in facilitating trade.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/YRDF8GQ80H", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logistics" }, { "name": "Ports & Shipping Capacity", "description": "Ports & shipping capacity relates to a country's ability to handle maritime trade through its port infrastructure and fleet, including the volume of cargo its ports can process and the efficiency of shipping operations.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/FYBCVAMH08", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port" }, { "name": "Transport & Connectivity Networks", "description": "Transport & connectivity networks are the systems of transportation infrastructure (roads, railways, air routes, shipping lanes) and services that link regions and facilitate movement of goods and people.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/PN9W73R61H", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transportation_network" } ] }, { "name": "Trade Policy & Institutions", "description": "Trade Policy & Institutions encompass regulatory quality, tariff regimes, and trade agreements that shape the rules, access, and predictability of a country’s participation in global commerce.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/T0HQAYT526", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commercial_policy", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Institutional Quality & Enforcement", "description": "Institutional quality & enforcement in trade refers to the strength and effectiveness of the legal and regulatory institutions that enforce trade rules and standards, ensuring fair and predictable trading conditions.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/V8C6KF930G", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Trade_Organization" }, { "name": "Tariff & Non-Tariff Regimes", "description": "Tariff & non-tariff regimes refer to the set of trade policies a country employs, including import tariffs (taxes on imported goods) and non-tariff measures (quotas, standards, etc.), which affect international trade.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/AVXTSBPS21", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tariff" }, { "name": "Trade Agreements & Memberships", "description": "Trade agreements & memberships denote a country's participation in bilateral or multilateral trade agreements (like free trade agreements or membership in WTO), which govern trade relations and market access between nations.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/B2QAZDXZ2D", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_trade_agreement" } ] }, { "name": "Digital Trade & Services", "description": "Digital Trade & Services encompasses cross-border data flows, e-commerce, and trade in services and intangibles that drive global connectivity and the digital economy.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/NGEYV1PB1H", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_economy", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Cross-Border Data Flows", "description": "Cross-border data flows refer to the movement of information across national boundaries via the internet and other digital networks, which is crucial for global digital trade and services.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/PY5937NB1H", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transborder_data_flow" }, { "name": "E-Commerce & Digital Platforms", "description": "E-commerce & digital platforms involve the buying and selling of goods and services over electronic systems like the internet, and the online marketplaces and platforms that facilitate these transactions.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/DW5QSK9D28", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E-commerce" }, { "name": "Services Trade & Intangibles", "description": "Services trade & intangibles refers to international trade of non-physical products—such as financial services, software, and intellectual property—highlighting the exchange of services and intangible assets across borders.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/6JQPCGEM2S", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trade_in_services" } ] }, { "name": "Foreign Direct & Domestic Investment", "description": "Foreign Direct & Domestic Investment encompasses capital formation, FDI flows, and investment climate factors that shape a country’s capacity to attract, deploy, and benefit from investment.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/XKM8PSH42T", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_direct_investment", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Domestic Capital Formation", "description": "Domestic capital formation is the process of building up a country's stock of real capital (like factories, machinery, infrastructure) through investments, which supports economic growth and development.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/YX3S7SV82W", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_formation" }, { "name": "FDI Inflows & Outflows", "description": "FDI inflows & outflows are measures of foreign direct investment coming into a country (inflows) and investments made by its entities abroad (outflows), indicating integration into global investment flows.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/09NJC7PA0S", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_direct_investment" }, { "name": "Investment Climate & Incentives", "description": "Investment climate & incentives refer to the overall attractiveness of a country for investors, shaped by factors like regulatory ease, economic stability, and specific incentives (tax breaks, subsidies) offered to encourage investment.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/5KB9EAB12S", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ease_of_doing_business_index" } ] }, { "name": "Export Competitiveness", "description": "Export Competitiveness encompasses cost efficiency, export scale, and market diversification that determine a country’s ability to compete and succeed in global trade.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/93TK4TN818", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Export", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Cost & Price Competitiveness", "description": "Cost & price competitiveness refers to the ability of a country or firm to produce goods or services at lower costs or prices than competitors, influencing its success in global markets.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/QYMZHZYQ1Y", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Competitiveness" }, { "name": "Export Scale & Market Share", "description": "Export scale & market share indicate the volume of goods and services a country exports and its share of global export markets, reflecting its competitiveness and integration in the world economy.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/S0V51RGQ0G", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Export" }, { "name": "Market Diversification", "description": "Market diversification in exports means expanding into a variety of foreign markets rather than relying on a few, which helps reduce risks associated with demand fluctuations or economic conditions in any single region.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/2W4KBBB60A", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_trade" } ] }, { "name": "Export Sophistication", "description": "Export Sophistication encompasses high-tech exports, knowledge-intensive goods, and upgrading of the export basket that reflect the technological advancement and value-added depth of a country’s trade profile.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/0NC11Q3P0E", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_Complexity_Index", "capabilities": [ { "name": "High-Tech Export Share", "description": "High-tech export share is the proportion of a country’s exports that consists of high-technology products (like electronics, pharmaceuticals, aerospace), indicating the role of advanced industries in its export profile.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/33JTQ9SJ00", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_tech" }, { "name": "Knowledge-Intensive Exports", "description": "Knowledge-intensive exports are goods and services that require significant technological innovation, research, or expertise to produce, reflecting an economy's strength in high-value, knowledge-driven industries.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/64R5Y78427", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge_economy" }, { "name": "Upgrading of Export Basket", "description": "Upgrading of the export basket refers to moving toward more complex, value-added, or technologically advanced products in a country’s mix of exports, reflecting economic development and improved industrial capabilities.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/GCSKV9Q62H", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_Complexity_Index" } ] }, { "name": "Global Value Chain Role", "description": "Global Value Chain Role encompasses regional integration, production network participation, and upstream–downstream positioning that define a country’s place and influence within international supply chains.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/V13A44C119", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_value_chain", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Integration with Regional Hubs", "description": "Integration with regional hubs indicates how closely an economy is connected to major regional economic centers through trade, investment, and supply chains, enhancing economic interdependence within the region.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/8PD2X3JA2F", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_integration" }, { "name": "Participation in Production Networks", "description": "Participation in production networks refers to the extent a country is involved in global supply chains, contributing components, assemblies, or services as part of the multi-country process of producing goods.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/ATRTHF2M0D", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_supply_chain" }, { "name": "Upstream vs. Downstream Position", "description": "Upstream vs. downstream position describes whether a country or firm primarily provides early-stage inputs (upstream, like raw materials) or final products and services (downstream) in international production networks.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/KS82FPFZ2C", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_value_chain" } ] }, { "name": "Trade Dependency & Leverage", "description": "Trade Dependency & Leverage encompasses export concentration, import reliance, and the use of trade as strategic influence, reflecting both vulnerabilities and power in global economic relations.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/RXCFVFYZ18", "level": "capability group", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balance_of_trade", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Export Concentration Risks", "description": "Export concentration risks arise when a large share of a country’s export earnings comes from a narrow range of products or commodities, making the economy vulnerable to price fluctuations or demand changes for those exports.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/Z7ZXY3R92B", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commodity_dependence" }, { "name": "Import Dependency in Strategic Sectors", "description": "Import dependency in strategic sectors refers to the extent a country relies on imported goods for critical industries (like energy, defense, or technology), which can be a vulnerability that some address by import substitution policies.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/S9FYB02Y0F", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Import_substitution_industrialization" }, { "name": "Trade Leverage & Strategic Influence", "description": "Trade leverage & strategic influence involve using trade relationships and economic tools as means of diplomacy or coercion, where a country might leverage access to its market or control of key resources to influence other nations' actions.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/DPAH6SCJ1S", "level": "capability", "wiki": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economic_diplomacy" } ] } ] } ] } ] }