{ "framework": "National Capability Framework", "name": "National Security", "version": "0.1", "supersedes": "0.0", "version_date": "2026-08-16", "metadata": { "description": "Version 0.1 of the National Security domain of the National Capability Framework. This release restructures the v0.0 taxonomy from seven capability groups and 29 capabilities to ten capability groups and 39 capabilities, introduces boundary_conditions and order_logic fields at every level, applies the rule that every description opens 'The capacity to' together with its corollary for this domain, that a node writable only as a class of equipment is an asset class and registers at the indicator layer, and validates the structure against the measurement instruments of the field (the IISS Military Balance, SIPRI expenditure, transfers and nuclear forces data, the UN Register of Conventional Arms, UN troop and police contribution statistics and the ITU Global Cybersecurity Index) and against doctrine and force structure across regions: Japan's 2022 National Security Strategy and Defense Buildup Program, Korea's three-axis system, the PLA reforms of 2015-16 and April 2024, Australia's Defence Strategic Review and National Defence Strategy, NATO's defence planning process, Russian and Ukrainian force development from 2022, Iran's dual military structure and missile-centric posture, the African Peace and Security Architecture and UN troop-contribution practice, and the internal security machinery of Latin America.", "change_summary": [ "A single rule applied domain-wide, with a corollary for this domain: every description opens 'The capacity to', and a node writable only as a class of equipment is an asset class and registers at the indicator layer. Attack Helicopters, Carriers & Naval Aviation and Support & Auxiliaries were retired into the capabilities whose effects they serve, and platform inventories, UNROCA classes, Military Balance counts and SIPRI expenditure, become the indicator layer rather than the taxonomy.", "Three capability groups added, the joint layer the v0.0 taxonomy lacked: Force Generation & Mobilisation, Joint Command, Projection & Sustainment, and Strategic Strike & Missile Defence. Japan's Defense Buildup Program priorities, the PLA's 2015-16 and 2024 force restructurings and Korea's three-axis system independently derive the same layer.", "The constabulary rung completed in every environment: Territorial & Paramilitary Forces on land, Maritime Security & Constabulary at sea and Air Sovereignty & Policing in the air, the rung where most of the world's states operate, with the IISS usability criterion as the paramilitary scope test.", "Intelligence Capability renamed Intelligence & Assessment; All-Source Analysis & Warning added as the integrating capacity; CNE retired into Signals & Cyber Intelligence, resolving a v0.0 duplication between the cyber and intelligence groups.", "Land Power restructured around effects: Conventional Infantry Forces and Armored & Mechanized Forces merged into Combined Arms Manoeuvre, carrying the infantry identifier on universality logic; air defence extracted from the v0.0 artillery parenthetical to the strike-and-shield group; Attack Helicopters absorbed into Battlefield Aviation & Uncrewed Systems; Special Forces broadened to Special Operations & Irregular Warfare, the home of the proxy and unconventional instrument.", "Maritime Power rebuilt as an ambition ladder: Maritime Security & Constabulary added; Submarines recast as Sea Denial & Undersea Warfare, the recasting the Black Sea campaign of 2022-24 demanded, sea denial achieved with almost no navy; Surface Combatants and Carriers & Naval Aviation merged into Sea Control, carrying the surface-combatant identifier; Support & Auxiliaries retired into Strategic Lift & Mobility.", "Air Power rebuilt as an ambition ladder with the enabling layer closing: Air Sovereignty & Policing, Air Strike & Interdiction and Airborne ISR, Early Warning & Battle Management added; Air Combat recast as Control of the Air; Air Mobility relocated to the joint group and Strategic Strike to the strike-and-shield group.", "Strategic Strike & Missile Defence assembled as the offence-defence pair of the missile age: Long-Range Strike relocated and broadened beyond the bomber, with dual-capable systems classified here and the nuclear role recorded as an attribute; Integrated Air & Missile Defence elevated from a v0.0 parenthetical; Counter-Uncrewed & Low-Altitude Defence broken out on proliferation and cost-exchange logic.", "Space Capability renamed Space Operations and recast from asset classes to effects: Assured Space Access, Space Support to Operations and Space Domain Awareness & Control, with commercial and allied augmentation counting toward the capability, capacity to act rather than what is owned.", "Cyber Capability renamed Cyber & Electromagnetic Operations, matching current doctrine and the PLA's 2024 force structure; Electronic Warfare & Spectrum Operations added, absent from v0.0 in the decade that made it decisive; Defensive Cyber Operations broadened to national cyber defence.", "Nuclear Capability renamed Nuclear Deterrence; informal node names retired; Stockpile Stewardship & Sustainment rewritten to the stewardship capacity with the physical enterprise assigned to Strategic Infrastructure, repairing a soft-seam breach.", "Boundaries codified at domain level: the three-layer rule with Strategic Infrastructure; seams with Human Capital, influence, governance and resilience; grey-zone employment recorded as a mode, not a node; treaty-banned weapons excluded, with CBRN Defence the sole, defensive home of chemical and biological subject matter; nuclear latency an assessment across the Strategic Infrastructure seam; military expenditure and personnel numbers as input indicators only.", "Identifier persistence and a new relocation convention: relocations at the same level carry their identifiers, Air Mobility and Strategic Strike being the first cases, while any change of level takes a new code. The domain code, all seven v0.0 capability group codes and 23 capability codes are carried unchanged; six codes are retired (see retired_codes); all new nodes carry null codes pending assignment.", "Capability groups and capabilities reordered along the arc of the state's use of force, read as one line: raise, know, command, hold, sail, fly, strike, orbit, contest, deter. The reasoning is documented per node in the order_logic field.", "Corrections to the house standard: '(Optional)' removed from a published capability name, the informal plus-sign nuclear names retired, and Armored and Air Defense corrected to British spellings." ], "retired_codes": [ { "code": "factbase.org/cap/G8R9Q8K11X", "name": "Armored & Mechanized Forces", "disposition": "Merged into Combined Arms Manoeuvre (factbase.org/cap/KD9W5BC72C)." }, { "code": "factbase.org/cap/VM78B36R2D", "name": "Logistics, Engineers & C4ISR", "disposition": "Split into Command, Control & Communications and Operational Sustainment & War Reserves, with combat engineering absorbed into Combined Arms Manoeuvre." }, { "code": "factbase.org/cap/NHQWAVJQ1C", "name": "Carriers & Naval Aviation", "disposition": "Merged into Sea Control (factbase.org/cap/KF7CTSXP1X)." }, { "code": "factbase.org/cap/ER76HD1X0H", "name": "(Optional) Support & Auxiliaries", "disposition": "Absorbed into Strategic Lift & Mobility (factbase.org/cap/T85S1H4K1C)." }, { "code": "factbase.org/cap/60W0EKGY0Y", "name": "Attack Helicopters", "disposition": "Absorbed into Battlefield Aviation & Uncrewed Systems (factbase.org/cap/VV8GV4DS1T)." }, { "code": "factbase.org/cap/40JB7F9612", "name": "CNE (Computer Network Exploitation / Intelligence)", "disposition": "Absorbed into Signals & Cyber Intelligence (factbase.org/cap/RYPHYPWX2M), resolving a v0.0 duplication between the cyber and intelligence groups." } ] }, "description": "The capacity to raise, know, command, employ, sustain and regenerate organised force, and to deter: the state's monopoly of organised force operationalised across the land, maritime, air, space, cyber and electromagnetic environments, from the constabulary rung most states occupy to the strategic systems few possess.", "boundary_conditions": "National Security holds the state's organised-force capacity and follows a three-layer rule with Strategic Infrastructure: capabilities are held here, platform inventories register at the indicator layer beneath them, and the fixed estate, bases, yards, depots, factories, launch complexes and ground stations, belongs to Strategic Infrastructure under its sector-override rule. Military education and training are held here as defence-specific formation while the general talent base sits in Human Capital, and veterans' services with its social and health capabilities. Alliance treaty relationships, security cooperation, arms transfers and strategic information operations belong to the influence domain, with earned interoperability, standards compliance, combined exercises and shared command arrangements, registering here as indicators, and military deception and battlefield psychological operations remaining enablers here. Civil control of the military, intelligence oversight, compliance and export-control machinery and civil policing belong to governance; civil defence, total-defence coordination and crisis management to national resilience; paramilitary forces are held here only where organisation, equipment and control make them usable in support of military operations. Dual-capable systems classify under Long-Range Strike with the nuclear role recorded as an attribute; treaty-banned weapons receive no capability nodes, chemical and biological subject matter appearing only as CBRN Defence, the defensive capacity, with nuclear weapons the sole NPT-acknowledged exception; nuclear latency is deliberately not a node, being an assessment read across the seam with Strategic Infrastructure's fuel-cycle assets. Grey-zone employment is a mode, not a node, registering across the constabulary, paramilitary, special operations, cyber and electromagnetic capabilities and the influence domain; military AI and autonomy are means, registering where the effect is, with their governance belonging to the governance domain. Military expenditure and personnel numbers are input indicators, never capabilities.", "order_logic": "Capability groups follow the arc of the state's use of force: raise the force (Force Generation & Mobilisation), know the world (Intelligence & Assessment), command and sustain (Joint Command, Projection & Sustainment), then the operating environments ascending from the ground through the sea and air to orbit and the spectrum (Land Power, Maritime Power, Air Power, Space Operations, Cyber & Electromagnetic Operations), with the strike-and-shield pairing of the missile age between air and space (Strategic Strike & Missile Defence) and deterrence closing (Nuclear Deterrence). Read as one line: raise, know, command, hold, sail, fly, strike, orbit, contest, deter. The domain ends on deter, completing the family of closers: Strategic Infrastructure ends on protect and Human Capital on care. Within groups, four conventions order the capabilities: the ambition or escalation ladder, beginning where most states are; foundation before frontier; the enabling or protective capacity closes the group; and decide before move before sustain.", "version_changes": "Restructured from seven capability groups and 29 capabilities in v0.0 to ten groups and 39 capabilities, validated against the measurement instruments of the field and the doctrine and force-structure record of states across every region; boundary_conditions, order_logic and version_changes fields introduced at every level, every description rewritten to open 'The capacity to', and the asset rule applied, retiring platform classes to the indicator layer.", "code": "factbase.org/dom/BMQ2A9AA2F", "level": "domain", "capabilityGroups": [ { "name": "Force Generation & Mobilisation", "description": "The capacity to raise, train and hold ready the state's organised force, in standing formations, in reserve and in territorial and paramilitary form.", "boundary_conditions": "Holds the raising and readiness of force. The general talent base sits in Human Capital, with military education and training held here as defence-specific formation; conscription and service legislation are policy instruments, with the trained strength they produce the capability. Paramilitary forces are held here only where organisation, equipment and control make them usable in support of military operations, the IISS criterion; civil policing and the rule of law belong to governance, and civil control of all such forces is governance's question, scored separately from the capacity itself.", "order_logic": "From the core of the state outward: the standing force (Standing Force Generation & Training), the mobilisable nation behind it (Reserve & Mobilisation Systems), then the territorial and paramilitary layer beyond the regular establishment (Territorial & Paramilitary Forces).", "version_changes": "New group in v0.1. The v0.0 taxonomy began at the platform layer with no account of how force is raised, regenerated or mobilised; Russia's 2022 mobilisation, Ukraine's territorial defence law and national mobilisation, Israel's call-up of over 300,000 reservists in October 2023 and the Finnish, Singaporean and Korean reserve systems establish force generation as standing state capacity.", "code": null, "level": "capability group", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Standing Force Generation & Training", "description": "The capacity to recruit, train and hold at readiness the standing professional force across the services.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers the regular establishment and its training system, including academies and staff colleges as defence-specific formation; the civilian education base sits in Human Capital and training estates in Strategic Infrastructure. Personnel numbers and expenditure register as input indicators, never as the capability.", "version_changes": "New in v0.1; readiness and training throughput, the measures behind India's Agnipath reform and every professionalisation programme, become its indicator territory.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "active military personnel", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "defence expenditure share of GDP", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "annual training throughput", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Reserve & Mobilisation Systems", "description": "The capacity to expand the force at need: trained reserves, the machinery to call them and the ability to regenerate formations under pressure.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers the reserve establishment and mobilisation machinery; industrial surge sits under Defence Industrial Mobilisation and whole-of-society civil defence with national resilience. Conscription settings are instruments, with the trained, recallable strength they produce the capability.", "version_changes": "New in v0.1; validated by Israel's October 2023 call-up, Russia's 2022 partial mobilisation, Ukraine's regeneration under fire and the Finnish, Singaporean and Korean total-force models.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "reserve personnel strength", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "mobilisation time to declared readiness", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "conscription or service intake", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Territorial & Paramilitary Forces", "description": "The capacity to hold organised force beyond the regular military: gendarmeries, national guards, territorial defence and internal security troops usable in support of military operations.", "boundary_conditions": "Scope follows the IISS usability criterion, forces whose organisation, equipment and control make them employable in support of the military, covering gendarmeries, national guards, internal security troops and state-directed territorial formations. Civil policing belongs to governance, and civil control of paramilitary force is governance's question, scored separately from the capacity itself.", "version_changes": "New in v0.1. Dual and parallel force structures, Iran's Artesh and IRGC, Russia's Rosgvardiya (2016), China's People's Armed Police and Ukraine's territorial defence law (2021), establish the layer as a first-order feature of state capacity rather than an anomaly.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "gendarmerie and paramilitary strength", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "territorial defence force enrolment", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] } ] }, { "name": "Intelligence & Assessment", "description": "The capacity to collect across the intelligence disciplines and to turn collection into assessment and warning.", "boundary_conditions": "Holds the national intelligence enterprise. Cyber collection sits here rather than in the cyber group, resolving the v0.0 duplication, the line being purpose: access for knowing sits here, access for effect in Cyber & Electromagnetic Operations. Operational air-domain awareness sits under Airborne ISR, Early Warning & Battle Management and space-delivered services under Space Support to Operations. Verification and arms-control monitoring capacity registers under the technical and space capabilities, while compliance and export-control machinery, and oversight of the intelligence enterprise itself, belong to governance.", "order_logic": "Collection from the remote to the human: imagery, signals, technical, open-source, then human, with the integrating capacity, All-Source Analysis & Warning, closing the group.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 (formerly Intelligence Capability) with the same identifier; renamed to name the assessment half of the enterprise. All-Source Analysis & Warning added, the capacity February 2022 and October 2023 both tested, and CNE absorbed into Signals & Cyber Intelligence.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/1DCK7PHH22", "level": "capability group", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Imagery & Geospatial Intelligence", "description": "The capacity to collect and exploit imagery and geospatial information about security-related activity on and above the surface of the earth.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers the collection and exploitation enterprise across airborne, orbital and commercial sources; the satellites themselves register as assets under Space Support to Operations, and commercial imagery counts toward the capability, capacity to act rather than ownership.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 (formerly Imagery & Geospatial Intelligence (IMINT & GEOINT)) with the same identifier; recast from a definition of the discipline to the capacity, with commercial augmentation named, per its employment at scale from 2022.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/QSZBFXFJ1X", "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "government imaging satellites in orbit", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "commercial imagery procurement volume", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Signals & Cyber Intelligence", "description": "The capacity to collect intelligence from communications, electronic emissions and computer networks.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers collection, including network exploitation for intelligence, absorbing the retired CNE node; offensive effects through networks sit under Offensive Cyber Operations and electronic attack under Electronic Warfare & Spectrum Operations. The line is purpose: access for knowing sits here, access for effect in the cyber group.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 (formerly Signals & Cyber Intelligence (SIGINT & CYBINT)) with the same identifier; absorbs CNE (Computer Network Exploitation / Intelligence), retired from the v0.0 cyber group, resolving a duplication.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/RYPHYPWX2M", "level": "capability", "indicators": [] }, { "name": "Technical & Measurement Intelligence", "description": "The capacity to detect, measure and characterise the technical signatures of weapons, systems and activities.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers measurement and technical intelligence, including the national technical means behind treaty verification, missile-launch detection and nuclear-test monitoring; the compliance machinery that acts on the product belongs to governance.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 (formerly Technical & Scientific Intelligence (MASINT & TECHINT)) with the same identifier; verification and monitoring named, the arms-control read the framework assigns to this node.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/Q77ZJPA40E", "level": "capability", "indicators": [] }, { "name": "Open-Source & Financial Intelligence", "description": "The capacity to derive intelligence from publicly available information and from financial flows.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers the state's open-source and financial intelligence enterprise, including sanctions-relevant financial tracking, with the commercial and civil open-source ecosystem counting toward it; sanctions design and enforcement belong to governance and the economic domains.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 (formerly Open-Source & Financial Intelligence (OSINT & FININT)) with the same identifier; recast from the disciplines to the capacity.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/ZNS220A230", "level": "capability", "indicators": [] }, { "name": "Human Intelligence & Counterintelligence", "description": "The capacity to collect intelligence from human sources and to detect and defeat the intelligence activities of others.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers collection and counterintelligence as a pair; internal security forces sit under Territorial & Paramilitary Forces and domestic policing belongs to governance.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 (formerly Human Intelligence (HUMINT & CI)) with the same identifier; counterintelligence raised into the name.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/VSGCQY0X0V", "level": "capability", "indicators": [] }, { "name": "All-Source Analysis & Warning", "description": "The capacity to fuse collection into assessment, warn of what is coming and put decision-grade judgement in front of the state.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers the analytic and warning enterprise; the decisions taken on the product belong to governance, and operational battle management sits with Command, Control & Communications and Airborne ISR, Early Warning & Battle Management.", "version_changes": "New in v0.1; the integrating capacity of the group, whose presence and absence the strategic surprises of 2022 and 2023 made legible in both directions.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [] } ] }, { "name": "Joint Command, Projection & Sustainment", "description": "The capacity to command force across environments, move it at distance, deploy it on operations, sustain it in the field and surge the industry behind it.", "boundary_conditions": "Holds the joint layer the environmental commands ride on. The fixed estate, bases, depots, yards and factories, belongs to Strategic Infrastructure: the defence industrial base's physical plant sits there while the organisational capacity to mobilise it sits here. Alliance treaty relationships belong to influence, with earned interoperability, standards, combined exercises and shared command arrangements, registering here as indicators. Civil crisis management and total-defence coordination belong to national resilience.", "order_logic": "Decide, move, deploy, sustain, surge, with the protective capacity closing: Command, Control & Communications; Strategic Lift & Mobility; Expeditionary & Peace Operations; Operational Sustainment & War Reserves; Defence Industrial Mobilisation; CBRN Defence.", "version_changes": "New group in v0.1. The joint layer was v0.0's largest omission, present only as a fragment inside a land logistics node; Japan's 2022 Defense Buildup Program, the PLA's Joint Logistics Support Force and Information Support Force, Europe's munitions crisis and military-mobility programmes and the African Peace and Security Architecture together establish it as the layer the wars of the 2020s have shown decides outcomes.", "code": null, "level": "capability group", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Command, Control & Communications", "description": "The capacity to decide and direct: national and joint command arrangements, resilient communications and the battle networks that turn sensing into action.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers joint and national C3, including decision support and battle-network integration, where military AI registers as a means; environment-specific battle management sits with its environment, airborne battle management under Airborne ISR, Early Warning & Battle Management and nuclear command under Nuclear Command, Control & Communications. Interoperability with allies registers here as indicators.", "version_changes": "New in v0.1, created by splitting the v0.0 Logistics, Engineers & C4ISR node (retired); validated by India's theatre-command reform, the PLA's Information Support Force (2024) and the command-and-control priority of Japan's Defense Buildup Program.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "protected satellite communications capacity", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "deployable joint headquarters", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Strategic Lift & Mobility", "description": "The capacity to move forces and materiel at strategic distance and sustain the bridge, by air, sea and land.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers strategic airlift, sealift, air-to-air refuelling and movement control, absorbing the retired naval Support & Auxiliaries node; tactical battlefield mobility sits with the environmental commands, and the corridors, ports and airfields themselves with Strategic Infrastructure, the seam military-mobility programmes work across.", "version_changes": "Relocated in v0.1 from Air Power (formerly Air Mobility) at the same level, carrying its identifier under the relocation convention; broadened to all-domain lift and absorbing (Optional) Support & Auxiliaries, retired from the maritime group.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/T85S1H4K1C", "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "heavy transport aircraft fleet", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "air-to-air refuelling fleet", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "sealift tonnage available", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Expeditionary & Peace Operations", "description": "The capacity to deploy and sustain forces beyond the border on combat, stabilisation, peace-support and disaster-relief operations.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers the deployment capacity, with UN troop and police contributions among its headline indicators and foreign disaster-relief deployment held here; the mandate politics belong to influence and governance, and domestic disaster response to national resilience.", "version_changes": "New in v0.1; the African Standby Force and regional task forces, the leading UN troop contributors of Asia and Africa, bilateral deployments such as Rwanda's and the ADMM-Plus disaster-relief machinery establish expeditionary and peace operations as measured, competed national capability.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "personnel deployed on operations abroad", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "peace operations contributions", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "evacuation operations conducted", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Operational Sustainment & War Reserves", "description": "The capacity to keep a force fighting: theatre logistics, maintenance and repair, medical support and the munitions and materiel depth to endure.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers the sustainment enterprise and the depth of war reserves, with military medicine held here; the depots and stockpile facilities belong to Strategic Infrastructure, and production surge sits under Defence Industrial Mobilisation. Magazine depth, days of supply and consumption-rate evidence are its indicator territory.", "version_changes": "New in v0.1, created by splitting the v0.0 Logistics, Engineers & C4ISR node (retired); the 155 mm munitions crisis, wargamed magazine exhaustion and the PLA's Joint Logistics Support Force make sustainment depth a first-order capability.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "munitions war reserve in days of combat", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "operational fuel stockholding", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "spares availability rate", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Defence Industrial Mobilisation", "description": "The capacity to surge, adapt and field: expand production under pressure, mobilise industry and move new systems from design to the force at speed.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers the organisational capacity, procurement agility, surge contracting and fielding innovation at speed; the factories, yards and production plant belong to Strategic Infrastructure and the underlying industrial and research base to the economic and Human Capital domains. Peacetime procurement efficiency and wartime surge are two readings of the same capability.", "version_changes": "New in v0.1; validated by the EU's ammunition-production act and defence industrial strategy, Ukraine's drone production ecosystem and the fielding-at-speed programmes of the US, NATO and Ukraine's partners.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "annual munitions production rate", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "defence industrial employment", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "surge capacity contracted", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "CBRN Defence", "description": "The capacity to protect the force and the population against chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear hazards: detection, protection, decontamination and medical countermeasures.", "boundary_conditions": "Defensive only, and deliberately the sole home of chemical and biological subject matter in the framework: treaty-banned weapons receive no capability nodes, with nuclear weapons the single NPT-acknowledged exception. Civil-population protection machinery sits with national resilience and stockpiled countermeasures with Strategic Infrastructure's medical stockpiles.", "version_changes": "New in v0.1; the defensive capability every CWC and BWC party lawfully maintains, validated by NATO CBRN defence policy and the battlefield realities of the 2020s.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "CBRN defence units and equipment holdings", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "detection network coverage", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "medical countermeasure stockpile for CBRN agents", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] } ] }, { "name": "Land Power", "description": "The capacity to hold and take ground: combined arms manoeuvre, land fires, battlefield aviation and uncrewed systems, and special operations.", "boundary_conditions": "Holds land combat capability. Ground-based air and missile defence sits under Strategic Strike & Missile Defence, strategic-range missile forces under Long-Range Strike, territorial and paramilitary forces under Force Generation & Mobilisation, and land C3 and sustainment in the joint group. Platform inventories, tanks, armoured vehicles and artillery pieces, register as indicators under the capabilities whose effects they serve.", "order_logic": "Manoeuvre, fires, aviation, with special operations closing: the close fight, the deep fire that shapes it, the air and uncrewed layer above it, and the irregular instrument beyond it.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 with the same identifier. Infantry and armour merged into Combined Arms Manoeuvre, the capability being the combination, a lesson the 2022-25 war taught in both directions; air defence extracted to the strike-and-shield group; Attack Helicopters absorbed into Battlefield Aviation & Uncrewed Systems; Special Forces broadened to Special Operations & Irregular Warfare.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/MC04AKJJ02", "level": "capability group", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Combined Arms Manoeuvre", "description": "The capacity to combine infantry, armour, engineers and enablers into formations that can take and hold ground under fire.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers the close combat capability as a combination, with combat engineering, breaching, fortification and prepared defence in depth, and humanitarian mine action held here from the retired logistics node; tank and vehicle inventories register as indicators, and battlefield air defence of manoeuvre formations registers with the shields it draws on.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 (formerly Conventional Infantry Forces) with the same identifier, merging Armored & Mechanized Forces (retired): the capability is the combination, and the infantry code carries on universality logic, the element every army possesses.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/KD9W5BC72C", "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "main battle tanks in service", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "armoured fighting vehicles in service", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "manoeuvre brigades at readiness", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Land Fires", "description": "The capacity to deliver and direct land-based fires at depth: guns, rockets, tactical missiles and the sensor-to-shooter web that makes them count.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers tactical and operational fires including counter-battery; ground-based air defence, extracted from the v0.0 parenthetical, sits under Integrated Air & Missile Defence and Counter-Uncrewed & Low-Altitude Defence, and strategic-range missile forces under Long-Range Strike. Artillery inventories and ammunition depth register as indicators, the latter shared with Operational Sustainment & War Reserves.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 (formerly Artillery & Fire Support (including Air Defense)) with the same identifier; air defence extracted to the strike-and-shield group and the capability recast around the fires complex the 2020s battlefield made decisive.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/SBA8322C06", "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "artillery systems in service", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "long-range rocket launchers in service", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "precision munitions inventory", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Battlefield Aviation & Uncrewed Systems", "description": "The capacity to operate the air layer of the land battle: rotary-wing aviation and the uncrewed systems that now carry reconnaissance, strike and logistics at the front.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers land-force aviation and tactical uncrewed employment, absorbing the retired Attack Helicopters node; air force strike sits under Air Strike & Interdiction and deep-strike uncrewed systems under Long-Range Strike. Uncrewed systems remain a cross-cutting means, registering under the capabilities they serve, with this node their land-battle home.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 (formerly Aviation, Rotary Wing & Unmanned Systems) with the same identifier, absorbing Attack Helicopters (retired), an asset class standing as a capability. Ukraine's Unmanned Systems Forces (2024), the first such service anywhere, is recorded as the standing counter-evidence to the cross-cutting treatment.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/VV8GV4DS1T", "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "attack and utility helicopters in service", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "tactical uncrewed aircraft in service", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Special Operations & Irregular Warfare", "description": "The capacity to conduct special operations and to wage and counter irregular warfare, including operating through partners and proxies.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers direct action, special reconnaissance, unconventional warfare and the proxy instrument, the honest home of force employed through and alongside non-state partners, with counterinsurgency capacity registering here; strategic information operations belong to influence, with military deception and battlefield psychological operations enablers here.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 (formerly Special Forces) with the same identifier; broadened from the unit type to the capability, covering the irregular and proxy instrument that platform taxonomies cannot see.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/GQHN8Y6Y2X", "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "special operations forces strength", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "dedicated special operations aviation", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] } ] }, { "name": "Maritime Power", "description": "The capacity to secure, deny, control and project from the sea, from constabulary enforcement of national waters to expeditionary operations launched from them.", "boundary_conditions": "Holds maritime capability across navy, coast guard and maritime law-enforcement forces, classified by capability rather than by service. Ports, yards and naval bases belong to Strategic Infrastructure, and fisheries and border policy to governance, with the enforcement capacity held here. Fleet inventories register as indicators under the capabilities whose effects they serve.", "order_logic": "The ambition ladder, beginning where most states are and ending where few are: constabulary security of national waters, denial of the sea to others, control of it for oneself, and projection from it, each rung usable without the ones above.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 with the same identifier. Maritime Security & Constabulary added, the rung most coastal states occupy and the lead instrument of grey-zone pressure; Submarines recast as Sea Denial & Undersea Warfare, the recasting the Black Sea campaign of 2022-24 demanded, sea denial achieved with almost no navy; Surface Combatants and Carriers & Naval Aviation merged into Sea Control; Support & Auxiliaries retired into Strategic Lift & Mobility.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/EYJ6MKNV25", "level": "capability group", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Maritime Security & Constabulary", "description": "The capacity to know and police national waters: maritime domain awareness, coast guard and law-enforcement presence, and protection of offshore and undersea infrastructure.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers the constabulary layer, coast guards and state-directed maritime militia included, and surveillance and patrol of undersea infrastructure, whose cables, pipelines and platforms belong to Strategic Infrastructure; naval combat capability sits on the rungs above, and port security with Strategic Infrastructure's operators and governance.", "version_changes": "New in v0.1; validated by the scale and employment of the China Coast Guard, the Yaounde Architecture in the Gulf of Guinea and the post-2022 undersea-infrastructure protection machinery of NATO and the Baltic states.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "coastguard and offshore patrol fleet", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "maritime domain awareness coverage", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "exclusive economic zone patrol days", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Sea Denial & Undersea Warfare", "description": "The capacity to make the sea unusable to an adversary, without requiring command of it oneself: submarines, mines, coastal missiles, uncrewed vessels and the undersea fight.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers denial by any means and the undersea domain including seabed warfare; anti-submarine warfare in defence of one's own use of the sea sits with Sea Control, coastal missile forces sit here while strategic-range strike belongs to Long-Range Strike.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 (formerly Submarines) with the same identifier; recast from a platform class to the effect, the Black Sea campaign of 2022-24 and the Hormuz denial doctrine being demonstrations a platform taxonomy cannot score.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/2DJ1H6FQ09", "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "submarines in service", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "anti-ship missile inventory", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "sea mine and mine countermeasure holdings", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Sea Control", "description": "The capacity to command the sea for one's own use: surface action, carrier and naval aviation, fleet air defence and the protection of sea lanes.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers the fleet-scale fight for use of the sea, with a fleet's organic air defence held here rather than under the strike-and-shield group; convoy and sea-lane protection sit here, and amphibious delivery under Amphibious & Expeditionary Operations.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 (formerly Surface Combatants) with the same identifier, merging Carriers & Naval Aviation (retired): the capability is command of the sea, carriers one means to it, and the surface-combatant code carries on universality logic.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/KF7CTSXP1X", "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "principal surface combatants", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "carriers and large-deck ships", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "fleet air defence missile capacity", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Amphibious & Expeditionary Operations", "description": "The capacity to project force from the sea onto land: amphibious assault, littoral manoeuvre and the marine forces that conduct them.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers projection from the sea; the strategic sealift behind it sits under Strategic Lift & Mobility and sustained operations ashore with the land and joint capabilities.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 (formerly Amphibious & Marines) with the same identifier; recast from the force type to the capability.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/ERWJBJGG06", "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "amphibious ships and lift capacity", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "marine or naval infantry strength", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] } ] }, { "name": "Air Power", "description": "The capacity to police, win, use and see the air: sovereignty enforcement in peacetime, control of the air in war, strike from it and the airborne layer that directs it.", "boundary_conditions": "Holds air-domain combat capability. Strategic lift sits in the joint group, long-range strike and the air and missile shields in the strike-and-shield group, land-force aviation with Land Power and airbases with Strategic Infrastructure. Aircraft inventories register as indicators under the capabilities whose effects they serve.", "order_logic": "The ambition ladder with the enabling layer closing: police the sky (Air Sovereignty & Policing), win it (Control of the Air), use it (Air Strike & Interdiction), see and direct it (Airborne ISR, Early Warning & Battle Management).", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 with the same identifier and rebuilt around effects: Air Sovereignty & Policing, Air Strike & Interdiction and Airborne ISR, Early Warning & Battle Management added; Air Combat recast as Control of the Air; Air Mobility relocated to the joint group and Strategic Strike to the strike-and-shield group; Attack Helicopters retired into the land group.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/35G2CAXR0Y", "level": "capability group", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Air Sovereignty & Policing", "description": "The capacity to watch and police national airspace in peacetime: surveillance, quick reaction alert, intercept and identification.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers the standing constabulary layer of the air, including assured allied provision where policing is delivered by partners, capacity to act rather than ownership; wartime control of the air sits above it, counter-uncrewed defence of sites under Counter-Uncrewed & Low-Altitude Defence, and civil air traffic management with Strategic Infrastructure.", "version_changes": "New in v0.1; NATO air policing as a formal mission, published scramble statistics in Asia and the 2024-25 uncrewed incursions over European airspace establish peacetime airspace control as measured state capacity, and its addition completes the constabulary rung in every environment.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "interceptor aircraft at quick reaction alert", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "national radar coverage of airspace", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Control of the Air", "description": "The capacity to win and hold control of the air where and when it is needed, including the suppression of enemy air defences.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers the counter-air fight, offensive and defensive, with suppression of enemy air defences held here; the ground-based shields sit in the strike-and-shield group, and mutual denial is recognised as an outcome the capability must be scored against.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 (formerly Air Combat) with the same identifier; recast from air-to-air combat to control of the air, the effect.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/VVCRRBNY1M", "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "air superiority fighters in service", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "modern fighter share of fleet", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "pilot flying hours per year", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Air Strike & Interdiction", "description": "The capacity to strike from the air at operational depth: interdiction, close air support and the tactical strike complex.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers air-delivered strike short of strategic range, the seam with Long-Range Strike being reach and role rather than platform; battlefield rotary and uncrewed strike sits with Land Power.", "version_changes": "New in v0.1; separates the use of the air from the fight for it, the distinction the v0.0 two-node group collapsed.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "strike aircraft in service", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "stand-off strike munitions inventory", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Airborne ISR, Early Warning & Battle Management", "description": "The capacity to see the air battle and direct it from the air: early warning and control aircraft, airborne battle management and the sensing layer that turns aircraft into air power.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers operational air-domain awareness and command of the air battle; the national intelligence enterprise sits in Intelligence & Assessment, space-delivered awareness under Space Support to Operations, and ground-based air surveillance with Air Sovereignty & Policing and the shields.", "version_changes": "New in v0.1; the enabling layer states acquire, target and mourn as a discrete capability, the airborne early-warning losses of 2024 and the current E-7 and GlobalEye programmes being the evidence.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "airborne early warning aircraft in service", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "surveillance and reconnaissance aircraft fleet", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "high-altitude long-endurance uncrewed systems", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] } ] }, { "name": "Strategic Strike & Missile Defence", "description": "The capacity to strike at strategic range and to shield against strike: the sword and the shields of the missile age.", "boundary_conditions": "Holds conventional strategic strike and the defensive shields. Dual-capable systems classify here with the nuclear role recorded as an attribute, keeping Nuclear Forces for dedicated systems, and nuclear deterrence itself is the closing group. Fleet air defence is organic to Sea Control, battlefield air defence of manoeuvre forces registers with the formations it protects, and electronic warfare as an arm sits under Electronic Warfare & Spectrum Operations with its employment as a defeat mechanism registering here.", "order_logic": "Sword, integrated shield, then the mass-defeat layer closing at the ground: Long-Range Strike; Integrated Air & Missile Defence against the high-end threat; Counter-Uncrewed & Low-Altitude Defence against the cheap and the many.", "version_changes": "New group in v0.1, assembling the offence-defence pair of the missile age: Long-Range Strike relocated from Air Power and broadened beyond the bomber, Integrated Air & Missile Defence elevated from a v0.0 parenthetical inside land artillery, and Counter-Uncrewed & Low-Altitude Defence broken out on proliferation and cost-exchange logic. Validated by Korea's three-axis system, Japan's stand-off and integrated air and missile defence priorities, the missile-centric forces of Iran and the PLA Rocket Force, and the coalition defences of April 2024.", "code": null, "level": "capability group", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Long-Range Strike", "description": "The capacity to strike at strategic range with conventional means: ballistic, cruise and hypersonic missiles, bombers and deep-strike uncrewed systems, and the targeting complex behind them.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers conventional strategic strike regardless of launch environment, with dual-capable systems held here and the nuclear role recorded as an attribute; tactical and operational strike sits with Air Strike & Interdiction and Land Fires, and the nuclear mission with Nuclear Forces. The targeting and battle-damage complex is part of the capability, not an accessory.", "version_changes": "Relocated in v0.1 from Air Power (formerly Strategic Strike) at the same level, carrying its identifier under the relocation convention; broadened from the bomber to the strike complex, the register of the PLA Rocket Force, Iran's missile forces and Japan's counterstrike acquisition, a strike force without an air force being a posture v0.0 could not represent.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/N4FH19EW1J", "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "long-range missile inventory by class", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "strategic bomber fleet", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "demonstrated strike range", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Integrated Air & Missile Defence", "description": "The capacity to defend against the high-end air and missile threat, aircraft, ballistic, cruise and hypersonic, as one integrated, multi-tier system.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers the integrated shield from sensor to interceptor, national and coalition; counter-uncrewed and low-altitude defence sits below it as its own capability, fleet air defence is organic to Sea Control, and warning from orbit registers under Space Support to Operations.", "version_changes": "New in v0.1, elevated from the v0.0 parenthetical inside Artillery & Fire Support; the multi-tier national and coalition defences demonstrated in April 2024 and June 2025, Korea's air and missile defence axis and the priorities of Japan and NATO establish the shield as a first-order capability.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "long-range air defence batteries", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "ballistic missile defence interceptors", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "share of population and key sites under coverage", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Counter-Uncrewed & Low-Altitude Defence", "description": "The capacity to defeat the cheap and the many at low altitude, uncrewed systems, rockets, artillery and mortars, in defence of forces, sites and the public.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers the mass-defeat problem across military and civil sites, where the cost-exchange ratio is itself part of the capability; the high-end shield sits above it, electronic attack as a defeat mechanism registers here while the arm sits under Electronic Warfare & Spectrum Operations, and protection of specific infrastructure is exercised with its operators under Strategic Infrastructure.", "version_changes": "New in v0.1, split from the integrated shield on proliferation and economics: nearly every state now needs it while few can afford the exquisite shield, and dedicated counter-uncrewed offices, interceptor-economics programmes and the low-altitude defence debates of 2024-25 mark it as a capability in its own right, with counter-rocket, artillery and mortar defence its lineage.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "counter-uncrewed systems fielded", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "short-range air defence layers deployed", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] } ] }, { "name": "Space Operations", "description": "The capacity to reach orbit, use it, and know and contest what happens there: assured access, space support to operations, and space domain awareness and control.", "boundary_conditions": "Holds the operational space capability; launch complexes, ground stations and the space industrial base belong to Strategic Infrastructure, under Space, Aerospace & Defence, and the satellites themselves register as assets under the capabilities their services feed. Commercial and allied augmentation counts toward the capability, capacity to act rather than ownership.", "order_logic": "Access, use, awareness and control: reach orbit (Assured Space Access), deliver its services to the force (Space Support to Operations), then know and contest the domain (Space Domain Awareness & Control).", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 (formerly Space Capability) with the same identifier; renamed to operations and recast from asset classes to effects, with commercial augmentation named, the lesson of a war fought partly on communications the combatant did not own. The PLA's Aerospace Force (2024) and the proliferation of national space commands validate the group as an operational domain.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/FT1B0SNX2D", "level": "capability group", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Assured Space Access", "description": "The capacity to place and replace payloads on orbit at need, through national, allied or commercial launch.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers assured access as an outcome, responsive launch and replenishment included, with access-by-contract counting toward the capability; the launch complexes belong to Strategic Infrastructure and the launch industry to the economic domains.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 (formerly Launch & Access) with the same identifier; recast from launch vehicles to assurance of access, the measure the constellation era actually contests.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/B11ZEE3B19", "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "national launches per year", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "independent launch vehicle families in service", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "responsive launch demonstrated", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Space Support to Operations", "description": "The capacity to deliver space services to the force: positioning, navigation and timing, satellite communications, missile warning and orbital reconnaissance, from national, allied and commercial constellations.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers the service delivered, with the satellites registering as assets beneath it and resilience of the services, alternatives to satellite navigation included, part of the capability; the intelligence exploitation of orbital collection sits with Imagery & Geospatial Intelligence.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 (formerly Satellites & Constellations) with the same identifier; recast from the constellation to the service, with commercial augmentation explicit, capacity to act rather than what is owned.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/514PP5J10F", "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "military communications and navigation satellites in orbit", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "reconnaissance satellites in orbit", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "commercial space services under contract", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Space Domain Awareness & Control", "description": "The capacity to know what is on orbit, protect one's own use of it and, at need, deny an adversary theirs.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers space domain awareness, defensive protection of space systems and counterspace effects across kinetic, electronic and cyber means, the electronic and cyber means shared with the groups that own those arms; debris-generating employment is a policy question for governance, the capability recorded regardless.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 (formerly Space Control & Counterspace) with the same identifier; awareness raised into the name, the precondition the counterspace demonstrations of the 2020s all price in.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/EB24SDH915", "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "space surveillance sensors operated", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "objects tracked in catalogue", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "demonstrated on-orbit manoeuvre and inspection", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] } ] }, { "name": "Cyber & Electromagnetic Operations", "description": "The capacity to defend, contest and exploit the digital and electromagnetic environments in which every other capability now operates.", "boundary_conditions": "Holds operations for effect in networks and spectrum; collection through them sits with Signals & Cyber Intelligence, the line being purpose. National cyber defence covers government and critical-service defence as organisational capacity, with the protected infrastructure itself and national cybersecurity facilities belonging to Strategic Infrastructure; civil cyber resilience and incident-response policy sit with national resilience and governance.", "order_logic": "Defend, attack, then the layer both ride on closing: Defensive Cyber Operations, Offensive Cyber Operations, Electronic Warfare & Spectrum Operations.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 (formerly Cyber Capability) with the same identifier; renamed to the cyber and electromagnetic pairing of current doctrine and force structure, including the PLA's Cyberspace Force (2024). CNE retired into Signals & Cyber Intelligence, resolving a duplication; Defensive Cyber Operations broadened to national cyber defence; Electronic Warfare & Spectrum Operations added, absent from v0.0 in the decade that made it decisive.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/DQAR8Z0128", "level": "capability group", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Defensive Cyber Operations", "description": "The capacity to defend national networks and systems: detect, withstand, respond and recover, across military, government and critical services.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers the defensive operational capacity; the defended infrastructure and national cybersecurity facilities belong to Strategic Infrastructure, civil resilience policy to governance and resilience, and threat intelligence is shared with Signals & Cyber Intelligence.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 (formerly DCO (Defensive Cyber Operations)) with the same identifier; broadened from military network defence to national cyber defence, the scope national indices and post-2022 practice actually measure.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/KVGWNPK51B", "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "national cybersecurity capability score", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "critical systems monitored by national defence teams", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "incident response time", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Offensive Cyber Operations", "description": "The capacity to create effects through networks, disrupt, degrade, deny and destroy, integrated with operations in every other environment.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers operations for effect; access and collection sit with Signals & Cyber Intelligence, the purpose line, and influence operations delivered through digital channels belong to the influence domain.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 (formerly OCO (Offensive Cyber Operations)) with the same identifier; recast as an integrated arm rather than a standalone tactic.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/3E9JB9P41V", "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "publicly attributed state cyber operations", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Electronic Warfare & Spectrum Operations", "description": "The capacity to sense, protect and attack across the electromagnetic spectrum: jamming, deception, protection and spectrum management as an operational arm.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers electronic attack, protection and support and the management of the spectrum in operations; its employment against uncrewed systems registers under Counter-Uncrewed & Low-Altitude Defence, signals collection with Signals & Cyber Intelligence, and civil spectrum allocation with governance and Strategic Infrastructure.", "version_changes": "New in v0.1; absent from v0.0 in the decade of dedicated electronic warfare troops, navigation warfare over whole regions and a battlefield where emission is targeting, validated by Russian and Ukrainian practice and the electromagnetic priorities of Japan, NATO and the PLA.", "code": null, "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "dedicated electronic warfare units and platforms", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "jamming and direction-finding systems fielded", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] } ] }, { "name": "Nuclear Deterrence", "description": "The capacity to deter at the nuclear level: command and control of the arsenal, the forces themselves and the stewardship that keeps them credible.", "boundary_conditions": "Holds the nuclear deterrent of the states that possess one. Dual-capable systems classify under Long-Range Strike with the nuclear role recorded as an attribute; treaty-banned weapons receive no nodes elsewhere, nuclear weapons being the sole NPT-acknowledged exception; nuclear latency is deliberately not a node, being an assessment read across the seam with Strategic Infrastructure's fuel-cycle assets. The physical weapons enterprise belongs to Strategic Infrastructure, and doctrine and declaratory policy are recorded as attributes of the capability, not capabilities themselves.", "order_logic": "Decide, deliver, sustain: Nuclear Command, Control & Communications, Nuclear Forces, then Stockpile Stewardship & Sustainment closing as the sustaining capacity. The domain ends on deter.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 (formerly Nuclear Capability) with the same identifier; renamed to the effect, informal node names retired, and the sustainment node rewritten to the stewardship capacity with the physical enterprise assigned to Strategic Infrastructure, repairing a soft-seam breach.", "code": "factbase.org/cpg/DC5D8MDT0H", "level": "capability group", "capabilities": [ { "name": "Nuclear Command, Control & Communications", "description": "The capacity to command the deterrent: warning, decision, authorisation and communication that function under any conditions, and the doctrine that governs use.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers NC3 and the decision architecture, with declaratory doctrine recorded as an attribute; early-warning sensing is shared with Space Support to Operations and Technical & Measurement Intelligence, and civil leadership continuity with governance and resilience.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 (formerly Control (NC3 + doctrine)) with the same identifier; renamed to the formal term and the informal name retired.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/42V9D7RB2T", "level": "capability", "indicators": [] }, { "name": "Nuclear Forces", "description": "The capacity to hold an adversary at risk with survivable nuclear forces: the deployed triad or dyad and the warheads they deliver.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers dedicated nuclear delivery and the deployed arsenal, survivability being the measure; dual-capable conventional systems sit under Long-Range Strike with the nuclear role as an attribute, and SIPRI and treaty-declared counts register as indicators.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 (formerly Force (warheads + delivery)) with the same identifier; renamed and recast around survivability and credibility rather than the count alone.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/A8Y8M5JM0T", "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "estimated warhead stockpile", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "delivery systems by leg", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "deployed strategic warheads", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] }, { "name": "Stockpile Stewardship & Sustainment", "description": "The capacity to keep the deterrent credible over decades: stewardship of the stockpile, the science and skills behind it, and the programme management of its renewal.", "boundary_conditions": "Covers the stewardship and renewal capacity, the people and programmes; the physical weapons enterprise, laboratories and production plants, belongs to Strategic Infrastructure, the repair applied across the framework's soft seams, and the specialist skills base draws on Human Capital.", "version_changes": "Carried from v0.0 (formerly Sustainment (industrial base)) with the same identifier; rewritten from the industrial base to the stewardship capacity, with the physical enterprise assigned to Strategic Infrastructure.", "code": "factbase.org/cap/9K1SKHG61Z", "level": "capability", "indicators": [ { "name": "stockpile age and modernisation programmes underway", "code": null, "level": "indicator" }, { "name": "fissile material production status", "code": null, "level": "indicator" } ] } ] } ] }